Strasbourg, 14 February 2006                                                         T-PVS/Emerald (2006) 1

[T-PVS/Emerald01e_06 ]                                                                                                English only

CONVENTION ON THE conservation of EUROPEAN wildlife

and natural habitats

Group of Experts for the setting up

of the Emerald Network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest

---ooOoo---

Emerald Network Pilot Project in Serbia and Montenegro

- Report-

Document established by

the Malta Environment & Planning Authority



                           

 ESTABLISHING  EMERALD NETWORK IN SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO

                                                                                      Prepared by Ana Pajević

                                   Ministry of environmental protection and physical planning

Podgorica, Montenegro

                                                       December, 2005


TABLE OF CONTEST

- Background

- Emerald Network in Serbia and Montenegro

- Emerald Network project team

- List of Emerald team

- Activities carry out in a framework of pilot project

-  List of nature conservation designation types according to national     legislation

- List of endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures            in Serbia and Montenegro (Resolution No 4 (1996))

- List of species requiring specific habitat conservation measures in Serbia       and Montenegro (Resolution No. 6 (1998) of the Standing Committee

- List of biogeographical zones in country

- Selection of potential Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCI)

- Problems and solutions

- Follow up activities

- Proposal for expansion of Emerald species list

- Annex 1. List of endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation             measures in Serbia and Montenegro (Resolution No. 4 (1996)

- Annex 2. List of species requiring specific habitat conservation measures in   Serbia and Montenegro (Resolution No. 6 (1998) of the Standing    Committee

- Annex 3. Maps of selected site in Serbia and Montenegro

- Annex 4. Proposal for expansion of Emerald species list

- Annex 5. Workplan of project acitivities

- Annex 6. Financial statement of expenditure with the breakdown of the costs

Background

The territory of Serbia and Montenegro (SCG), with an area of 102,173 km2, makes only 0.07% of the entire world’s land, and 2.1% of the European continent.  Along a 600 km horizontal transect, from the Montenegrin coast in the southwest through Pannonian Plain (Vojvodina) in the north, and along the vertical transect in the mountains of Serbia and Montenegro, segments/equivalents of almost all major European zonobiomes are represented (Mediterranean evergreen forests along the Adriatic coast, sub-Mediterranean mixed-deciduous forests and scrubs in Mediterranean hinterlands, deciduous forests in lowland, hilly and montane zones, boreal-type forests in subalpine belts, steppes and forest-steppes in Vojvodina; also, the high-alpine and oro-Mediterranean "oro-biomes" above the timber line in high-montane regions). In more generalized respect, 5 out of the 12 principal terrestrial biomes of the world may be distinguished, and the complex of marine biota may be regarded as the sixth biome.

Serbia and Montenegro may be divided into four distinct geographical/orographic entities:

§  Northern lowland part, belonging to the Pannonian Plain;

§  Central part – mountains, hills and valleys of the Balkan mainland; and

§  Adriatic coast in Montenegro;

§  Adriatic Sea.

Biogeographically, the territory of Serbia and Montenegro may be divided into the five regions (Mediterranean, Central European, Pontic-Southsiberian, Circum-boreal and Central-South-European montane regions), 8 subregions and 20 provinces (STEVANOVIĆ, 1995).

It is situated between three principal eco-climatic regions of Europe: northern (boreal and temperate), eastern (Pontic) and southern (Mediterranean). General biogeographical characteristics are locally modified and diversified by varied orographic and petrographic composition of the territory, as well as by complex history of the flora and fauna, during the late Tertiary and Pleistocene, resulting in the complex composition of the biota and ecosystems, and their mosaic distribution.  The territory of Serbia and Montenegro encompasses some of the most important Ice Age refuge regions of Europe.  Southern location of Yugoslav territorial waters, within the Adriatic Sea Basin, accounts for the relatively great diversity of marine biota.

Being located in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula bordering south-eastern Pannonian Plain, at the crossroads of varying biogeographical impacts and routes, the biota in Serbia and Montenegro are, generally, very rich and varied, relative to the other countries and regions in Europe of comparable size.  As usual, when such large and diversified segments of biota are considered, the availability of the basic information on the floristic/faunal composition, distribution, basic taxonomy, etc. is quite heterogeneous, hence the reliability of diverse conclusions is also variable.

Serbia and Montenegro is among the floristically most diverse parts of the Balkan Peninsula, comparable only to Greece and Bulgaria.  According to the international criteria of IUCN-WMC, the territory of FR Serbia and Montenegro, together with the mountainous area of Bulgaria, represents one of the six European and one of the 153 world’s centres of floristic diversity.  Within its territory, 44.28% of the native mosses and 38.93% of the vascular plants of Europe are found; it comprises about 60% of plant species in the flora of the Balkan Peninsula (7,500).

According to the most recent estimates, flora of Serbia and Montenegro comprises around 1,400 species of freshwater algae, 1,500 species of marine algae, 565 species of mosses, and 4,182 taxa (3,905 species and 277 subspecies, classified in 888 genera and 157 families) of vascular plants, which places Serbia and Montenegro among European countries with the greatest floristic diversity and density per unit area (Tab. 1).  The extraordinary taxonomical richness of the Yugoslav vascular flora is obvious in comparison with that of the whole of Europe, which comprises some 11,000 species, in 1,541 genera and 203 families.  In addition to the plants, some 516 species of lichens are recorded, and the mycoflora includes around 1,000 recorded species of macromycetes (the latter estimated at 3,500-4,500 species).

The share of endemic, endemo-relict and relict plants greatly contribute to the richness and diversity of the flora of Serbia and Montenegro, being specific and different from other parts of Europe.  The number of Balkan endemics in Serbia and Montenegro is particularly great, amounting to 392 taxa (species or subspecies), which accounts for 9.15% of the flora of Serbia and Montenegro.

The predominant kind of endemism in Serbia and Montenegro, as well as in the Balkans generally, is the high-mountain one. The greatest diversity centres of endemic flora are mainly high mountains, such as Prokletije, Šar-Planina, Koritnik, Paštrik, Kopaonik, Stara Planina and Suva Planina, with 31-90 endemic species recorded per 100 sq km (UTM 10 x 10 km).  In addition to high-mountain endemism, the edaphic endemism i.e. that related to particular bedrock is also great.  Of special interest are serpentine habitats, particularly in W. and C. Serbia and Metohia, inhabited with ophiolitic endemic flora.

Of particular global significance and great scientific interest are endemics restricted to the territory of Serbia and Montenegro – the local endemics; there are 87 locally endemic plants, that makes ca 2% of the total vascular flora of Serbia and Montenegro, or 22% of the total endemic flora of Serbia and Montenegro. Particularly large number of locally endemic plants inhabit the mountains of Prokletije and Šar-Planina. Among local endemics, of particular significance are those belonging to endemic Balkan genera, like: Pancicia (P. serbica), Protoedraianthus (P. tarae), Petteria (P. rhamentacea), Halascya (H. sendtneri), Amphoricarpus (A. neumayeri, A. autariatus, A. bertisceus); also, some subendemic genera are also very important, particularly Ramonda (R. serbica, R. nathaliae) and Edraianthus (ca. 20 Balkan endemics).

Local endemics are mostly of Tertiary origin (paleostenoendemics, endemo-relicts). Generally, relicts in the vascular flora of Serbia and Montenegro are of particular importance as potential genetical resources.  These ancient plants are principally distributed in southern areas, scattered throughout the Mediterranean, but in only a few other parts of Europe.  In Serbia and Montenegro they occupy specific habitats, primarily canyons, gorges and mountain tops, as well as the remaining enclaves of steppe regions in Vojvodina.  According to their age of origin, the relicts are classified into Tertiary, glacial, boreal, and xerothermal elements.

The basic knowledge about the diversity of many animal taxa, and in particular, about the status of threat, is rather scanty, with the exception of a limited number of groups – principally the vertebrates, butterflies, and a few others (Tab. 2).

The estimated number of insects (>37,000) is certainly among the highest in Europe, but these numbers can not be appropriately verified (except for the best studied groups and some general numeric regularities); nevertheless, entomofauna comprise as much as 30 (out of about 35 known) insect orders and over 70% of known insect families.  The number of the so far examined non-insect invertebrates is estimated to be approximately 15,000. About 465 fish (Chondrichthyes and Osteicthyes) and lampreys (Cephalaspidomorpha) species were recorded in the waters of Serbia and Montenegro, of which some 115 species live in freshwaters and more than 405 in the Adriatic Sea.  There are 70 species of amphibians and reptiles, 382 species of birds and 96 species of terrestrial mammals that were also recorded within the territory of Serbia and Montenegro.

Out of stated 382 species of birds, which are either regularly, occasionally or potentially present in Serbia and Montenegro, the number of regularly occurring species is 333, of which there are 260 species of breeding birds; comparing this parameter, as most relevant for biodiversity assessments, with the total of 300 species of breeding birds in the whole of the Balkan Peninsula, we may conclude that Serbia and Montenegro supports 87% of Balkan diversity, the percentage which is much higher than in many other countries.  Similarly, we may establish that Serbia and Montenegro harbours 51.16% of the European fish fauna, 74.03% of the European birds and 67.61% of the European mammals.  The percentage for the amphibians and reptiles (combined) is somewhat less remarkable – 25.27%, but this is largely due to the extremely great faunistic riches of some small periphery areas of Europe; otherwise, just a few individual countries have the number of taxa similar to Serbia and Montenegro (Italy and Greece – 74 species each, Spain – 66).

Emerald Network in Serbia and Montenegro

A Pilot Project was launched in January 2005 in order to start the implementation of the Emerald Network in Serbia and Montenegro, under the responsibility of the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning Republic of Montenegro.

Serbia and Montenegro is in the process of ratification of the Bern Convention and has taken fully into consideration the provisions of the Convention and in particular Recommendation No. 16 (1989) and Resolution No. 3 (1996).  The Emerald Pilot Project is intended to serve as a ground for accelerating the process of accession of Serbia and Montenegro to the Bern Convention and can be used to define more areas of national importance for nature conservation.

Emerald Network project team

The national Emerald network team was formed after signing the project contract. The team consists of 28 experts.  The team was mainly based on capacity from Institute for nature protection, University of natural sciences and Natural history museum from both republics.  The project team leader and technical expert is representative of the Ministries of Environment, which is responsible for project implementation.

List of Emerald team:

      Republic of Montenegro

  1. Ana Pajević, team leader
  2. M.Sc. Snežana Vuksanović, flora expert
  3. M.Sc. Snežana Dragićević, flora expert
  4. M.Sc. Sead Hadžiablahović, flora expert
  5. M.Sc. Danka Petrović, flora expert
  6. M.Sc. Vesna Mačić, marine biologiest
  7. M.Sc. Vasilije Bušković, protected area expert
  8. Darko Saveljić, ornithologiest
  9. M.Sc. Gordana Kasom, micologiest
  10. M.Sc.Jelena Nikcevic, entomologiest

Republic of Serbia

  1. Ph.Dr Dmitar Lakušić, botanist and habitat expert
  2. Ph.Dr Lidija Amidžić, botanist, protected area expert
  3. Ph.Dr Aleksandar Ćetković, entomologiest
  4. Ph.Dr Predrag Jakšić, entomologiest
  5. M.Sc Gordana Tomović, botanist
  6. M.Sc Srdjan Stamenković, mammologist
  7. M.Sc Marjan Niketić, botanist
  8. M.Sc Jasmina Šinžar-Sekulić, GIS expert
  9. Dijana Žukovec, technical assistent
  10. Irena Djalić, technical assistent
  11. Dragan Pavićević, entomologiest
  12. Nataša Pil, entomologiest
  13. Nenad Sekulić, ihtyologist, protected area expert
  14. Rastko Ajtić, herpetologist
  15. Danko Jović, herpetologist
  16. Goran Sekulić, ornitologiest
  17. Nikola Stojnić, ornitologiest
  18. Jelena Dučić-technical expert

Activities carry out in a framework of pilot project

The Emerald Workshop

The workshop was held on 26-27 April 2005 in Podgorica, Republic of Montenegro in order to introduce the national team to the principle and technical aspects of the Emerald network and organize training for the team.  The session was managed by working presidency: Ms.Ana Pajevic, project manager for the Emerald network in S&M, Mr. Eladio Fernandez Galiano and Mr. Mark Roekaerts from the Council of Europe.

Mr. Eladio Fernandez Galiano presented a hole activities of the Council of Europe and explained the legal framework of the Emerald network and the criteria for selection of ASCI and introduced the following relevant Emerald documentation.

Mr. Mark Roekaerts, expert for Emerald software presented the final version of the Emerald network software and explained step by step the introduction of data into the software by interactive work on a specific task.

Also, a representative from the Ministry of science and environmental protection, Republic of Serbia and a representative from the Institute for nature protection, Republic of Montenegro gave a detailed overview of biodiversity conditions and the legislative framework in respective republics.

The software was installed both in the Institute for nature protection in the Republic of Montenegro and in the Institute for nature protection in the Republic of Serbia.

List of nature conservation designation types according to national legislation

In Serbia and Montenegro, several laws regulate nature protection on a republican level, such as the Environment Law, Law on Nature Protection, Law on coastal zones, the Law on National Parks and the Directive on protection of natural rarities.

 

There are no overall strategic documents on biodiversity management or a policy in terms of nature conservation.

There are 5 national parks in Serbia[1], and 4 national parks in Montenegro and larger number of protected areas.

A total of 8.836.100 ha or 5.93%  of the Serbian territory is under protection regime ( 5 national parks, 72 nature reserves, 13 natural parks, 31 cultural and historical important areas, 13 landscape and 256 monuments of nature).  The Landscape Spatial Plane of the Republic of Serbia (1996) projects planned to protect 10% of the territory by the year 2010.  In Serbia national legislation currently provides for the protection of 215 plant and 427 animal species.

A total of 98,570 ha or 7.14% of the Montenegrins territory is under protection regime (4 national park, 4 reserves of nature and 51 monuments of nature).  The most important natural resources in Montenegro are 4 national parks.  In Montenegro national legislation currently provides for the protection of 314 animal and 57 plant species.

A number of nature areas have been recognized as internationally significant.   Among these are the Obed Swamps and the Ludas Lake, Skadar Lake and Carska bara - Stari Begej and Slano Kopovo (Ramsar Wetland of International Significance). Others include the Durmitor-National Park, which includes part of the Tara River Canyon and the Kotor-Risan-Bay (a World Natural Heritage site), the Tara River Basin (UNESCO-MAB) and the Golija Biosphere Reserve (UNESCO MAB). 

Protected Areas (PA), at present in Montenegro

(i) PAs by national legislature

Name and national category of the PAs

IUCN mangm category

Area (hectares)

Percentage of the State territry (13.812 km2)

National parks

II

83.000

6,01%

Skadar lake

II

40.000

Lovćen

II

6.400

Durmitor

II

31.200

Biogradska gora

II

5.400

Nature monuments

III / V

7.733

0.6%

Gorge Đalovića

III / V

1.600

Cave Lipska

III / V

/

Cave Magara

III / V

/

Cave Globočica

III / V

/

Cave near to Trnovo / Virpazar

III / V

/

Cave Babatuša

III / V

/

Cave Novakovića near to Tomaševo

III / V

/

Pothole Duboki do in Njegušima

III / V

/

Canyon of Piva river  (downstream of the dam Mratinje)

III / V

1.700

Canyon of Komarnica river

III / V

2.300

Association of Pinetum mughi montenegrinum located at Ljubišnja (1.000ha) , Durmitor (5.200ha) and Bjelasica (400ha)

III / V

1.000

Association of Pinus heldraichii) located at Orjen (300ha), Lovćen (300ha) and Rumija (100ha)

III / V

400

Beaches at the Skadar lake shore

III / V

/

Beach Velika Ulcinjska

III / V

600

Beach Mala Ulcinjska

III / V

1,5

Beach Valdanos

III / V

3

Beach Velji pijesak

III / V

0,5

Beach Topolica, Bar

III / V

2

Beach Sutomore

III / V

4

Beach Lučica, Petrovac

III / V

0,9

Beach Čanj

III / V

3,5

Beach Pećin

III / V

1,5

Beach Buljarica

III / V

4

Petrovačka Beach

III / V

1,5

Beach Drobni pijesak

III / V

1

Beach Sveti Stefan

III / V

4

Beach Miločer

III / V

1

Becicka Beach

III / V

5

Beach Slovenska, Budva

III / V

4

Beach Mogren

III / V

2

Beach Jaz

III / V

4

Beach Pržno

III / V

2

Hill Savinska Dubrava in Herceg Novi

III / V

35,46

Botanical reserve of laurel and oleandera above the spring Sopot near to Risan

III / V

40

Botanical garden of the mountain flora in Kolašin

III / V

0,64

Botanical garden of general Kovačević in Grahovo

III / V

0,93

Park “13 jul”, and “Njegošev park” in Cetinje

III / V

7,83

Park near to hotel Boka in Herceg Novi

III / V

1,2

City park in Tivat

III / V

3

Park of the Castle at Topolica

III / V

2

Areas of Exeptional Natural Values

III

322,5

0,02%

Hill Spas above Budva

III

131

Cape Ratac with Žukotrljica

III

30

Island Stari Ulcinj

III

2,5

Hill Trebjesa, Nikšić

III

159

Other PAs  – protected by municipality regulations

III

15.000

1.08%

Kotor – Risan bay, Municipality Kotor

III

15.000

Nature Reserves

I

500

0.03%

- In NP Skadar lake: Manastirska tapija, Pančeva oka, Crni žar, Grmožur i Omerova gorica

I

420

- In NP Durmitor: Crna Poda

I

80

In TOTAL, under national protection

106.655 

7.72%

Protected Areas by international legislature

Name and internationa categoty of the PAs

Area (hectares)

Percentage of the State territry (13.812 km2)

a) Tare River basin – The World Biosphere Reserve - M&B, UNESCO

including 

b) NP Durmitor with canyon of Tara River, protected as World Heritage site – UNESCO(natural)

182.899

Kotor-Risani bay -  World Heritage site – UNESCO (cultural) including Town Kotor as an endangered  World Heritage site

15.000

Skadar lake  – Ramsar site (area of the Nacionalni Park)

40.000

In TOTAL, under international protection

237.899

17,2%

Planned[2] Protected Areas

Protected area

IUCN mngm. categor.

Area (hectares)

Percentage of State territory (13.812 km2)

National Parks

II

14.000

Prokletije

II

14.000

Regional Parks

III

124.200

Orjen mt.

III

19.000

Rumija mt.

III

12.200

Komovi mt.

III

21.000

Sinjajevina mt with Šaranci

III

42.400

Maglic, Bioc & Volujak mts

III

7.200

Ljubišnja mt.

III

7.800

Turjak mt and Hajla mt

III

14.600

Natural monuments

III (alt V)Š1Ć

>2.000 (č5.800)

Platije – middle part of Canyon Moraca River

III

Has not been defined, yet

Cijevna river Canyon up to village Dinosa

III

2.000

Mala Rijeka River Canyon

III

Has not been defined, yetŠ2Ć

Protected Landscapes

III

117.300

Visitor & Zeletin mts

III

31.000

Beech forests on Obzovica mt.

III

300

Catchment Area of Moraca River

III

86.000

In total, planned PAs                                                          257.500 (č261.300)

18,9%

Protected Areas (PA), at present in Serbia

Category A

Zaštićena prirodna baština /Protected areas

Number

Area ( ha)

    1. Nacionalni parkovi National parks

    2. Parkovi prirode Nature parks

    3. predeli izuzetnih odlika Areas of Exeptional Natural Values

5

15

15

159986

238135

32026

     4. Strogi  rezervati prirode Strict Nature Reserves 

     5.Specijalni rezervati prirode Special Nature Reserves 

50

20

2402

81427

     6.SPOMENICI PRIRODE  Nature monuments 

  

    6.a. Dendro-botanički/ dendro-botanical: (znamenita stabla i grupe stabala/tree-monument and tree groups, drvoredi/alley, park šume/park-wood, botanički lokaliteti/botanical locality, parkovi/parks, male šumske sastojine/ small wood content)

282

221

7779

     6.b.Objekti geo-nasledja/ Natural monument of geological features: (klisure i kanjon/ gorge and canyon, pećine i kraške jame/caves and carst pit, izvori i vrela/spring, prerasti i prozorci/overgrow, vidikovci/viewing spot,drugi oblici reljefa/other shape of relievo, značajna geološka mesta/important geological areas)

60

     7. KULTURNO-ISTORIJSKI PREDELI Areas of cultural   and historical significance

     (memorijalni prirodni spomenici  prostori oko nepokretnih

     kulturnih dobara/ Memorial natural monument and Natural area around cultural heritage site or monument

37

3565

Total

424

524320

Category B:

ZAŠTIĆENE VRSTE DIVLJE FLORE I FAUNE/PROTECTED WILD FLORA AND FAUNA SPECIES –Regulation of the Governament about protection of natural rarities (1993) and Regulation of the Governament puting under control of using and trade wild flora and fauna  (2005)

1.PRIRODNE RETKOSTI/ NATURAL  RARITIES PLANT SPECIES: 215 taxa species and sub- species wild flora, 427 taxa wild fauna.

2. KONTROLISANE VRSTE/CONTROL SPCIES: 3 specis of lichen , 15 fungi species, 152 planta species and 9 fauna species.


List of endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures in Serbia and Montenegro (Resolution No. 4 (1996))

According to Resolution No. 6 (1998) of the Standing Committee national team have identified 315 endangered natural habitat in Serbia and Montenegro.

See Annex 1. of this report.

List of species requiring specific habitat conservation measures in Serbia and Montenegro (Resolution No. 6 (1998) of the Standing Committee)

According to Resolution No 4 (1996) national team have identified 199 fauna species and 24 flora species in Serbia and Montenegro.

See Annex 2. of this report.

List of biogeographical zones in country

Following biogeographical regions are present in Serbia and Montenegro:

- Panonnian

- Continental

- Alpine

- Mediterranean.

Selection of potential Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCI)

After identification of Emerald species listed in Resolution No.6 (1998) and Emerald habitat listed in Resolution No. 4 (1996) present in Serbia and Montenegro, potential Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCI) were selected based on the criteria listed in the Recommendation No. 16 (1989).

The selected sites are:

  1. National park ’’Durmitor’’ with basin of Tara river, UNESCO World Natural Heritage List, 32.000 ha
  2. National park ’’Kopaonik’’, IBA site, IPA site, PBA site, 31.386 ha
  3. National park ’’Skadarsko jezero’’, Ramsar site, 40.000 ha
  4. Beach Velika ulcinjska and Solana, monument of nature, 2.068 ha
  5. Gorge Dajlovic, monument of nature,1.600 ha
  6. Deliblatska peščara send-pit, special nature reserves, IBA site, IPA site, 35.837 ha
  7. Wetland of Obedska bara, special nature reserves, Ramsar site, IBA site, IPA site, 9.863 ha
  8. Area of Gornje podunavlje, special nature reserves, IBA site, IPA site, PBA site, 19.378 ha
  9. Metohijske Prokletije, in process of protection, IBA site, IPA site, PBA site, 155.396 ha
  10. Vlasina, in process of protection, IBA site, IPA site 8.612 ha

Sites have been chosen with total area of 336.113 ha.

For each of the mentioned sites a special Standard data form was filed to the Emerald software version 2.0.

See Annex 3. Map of selected site in Serbia and Montenegro.

-Problems and solutions

During the realization of Emerald pilot project national team identified some problems:

-          Lack of data base for vegatation, especally for certain areas. Existing data is not in accordance with modern habitats classification system

-          Information are fragmented and outdated

-          Different stage of the research among certain areas

-          Large number of endemic species which exist in Serbia and Montenegro have  not been include in Emerald list

-          Lack of experience in applying habitats classification system

-          Lack of experience in Assessment for the Habitat (Representatively, Relative Surface, Conservation Status, Conservation of functions, Restoration possibilities) and Species (Size and density of the population,  Degree of conservation, Restoration possibilities, etc.)

-          Legislative basis for establishment of the Emerald still is not finally set;

-          Technical problems with  software

National team have been participated in a varius workshops in a field of nature protection and protected areas. In a framework of REReP project '' Promotion of networks and exchange in counties of South-Eastern Europe'' montenegrian experts exchange experiance with bulgarian and albanian experts about system of protected areas, Emerald network, costrains and problems in this project.

National team also introduce and promote Emerald network in Serbia and Montenegro on different TV stations and through educational programme.

Follow up activities

The country intends to carry out the secound implementation phaze (during 2006) by identifying 80% of the potential ACSIs.

In second phaze the work of team of expert will be focused in more areas where little work is done so far e.g. in the field of marine habitats and habitats proposed to be include in a category of protected areas. Special assesment activities are required to obtain information of  these species and sites.

Future work for developing Emerald network in Serbia and Montenegro will greatly benefit from information and research through the UNDP projects such us Biodiversity Strategy,  and other ongoing programmes targeted protected areas.

Proposal for expansion of Emerald species list

National team analyze which species should be added to the Emerald lists considering some specifications of Serbia and Montenegro.

Regarding the expansion of species list, the expert group decided to add the following species:

-          local endemic species

-          sub-endemic species

-          marine species from the list of the Barcelona convention

See Annex 4. of this report.


Annexe 1

List of endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures in Serbia and Montenegro

Code

HABITAT

Total Serbia&Mon

Serbia

Montenegro

Common   S&M

315

150

95

71

  1.

COASTAL AND HALOPHYTIC COMMUNITIE

11.

OCEAN AND SEAS, MARINE COMMUNITIES

!11.2

Benthic communities

+

+

!11.22

Sublittoral soft seabeds

+

+

!11.24

Sublittoral rocky seabeds and kelp forests

+

+

!11.25

Sublittoral organogenic concretions

+

+

!11.26

Sublittoral cave communities

+

+

!11.27

Soft sediment littoral communities

+

+

!11.3

Sea-grass meadows

+

+

!11.4

Brackish sea vascular vegetation

+

+

!11.42

Marine spike-rush beds

+

+

13

ESTUARIES AND TIDAL RIVERS

+

!13.2

Estuaries

+

?

!14.

MUD FLATS AND SAND FLATS

+

+

15.

SALTMARSHES, SALT STEPPES, SALT SCRUBS, SALT FORESTS

!15.115

Continental glasswort swards <Salicornia europaea>

+

+

!15.11511

Pannonian <Salicornia europaea> swards

+

+

!15.11512

Pannonian seablite swards

+

+

!15.11513

Pannonian saltswort communities

+

+

!15.141

Ponto-Pannonian<Acorellus>communities

+

+

!15.142

Central-eurasian<Crypsis>communities

+

+

!15.143

Central-eurasian<Chenopodium>

+

+

!15.4

Suboceanic inland salt meadows

+

+

!15.41

Interior European saltmarsh grass meadows

+

+

!15.42

Interior European saltmarsh rush and couch beds

+

+

!15.5

Mediterranean salt meadows

+

+

16

COASTAL SAND DUNES AND SAND BEACHES

+

+

!16.2

Dunes

+

+

2.

NON-MARINE WATERS

22

STANDING FRESH WATER

!22.1

Permanent ponds and lakes

+

+

!22.11

Lime-deficient oligotrophic waterbodies

+

+

+

!22.146

Aldrovanda communities

+

+

!22.3

Amphibious communities

+

+

!22.31

Euro-Siberian perennial amphibious communities

+

+

!22.312

<Eleocharis> swards

+

+

!22.321

Dwarf spike-rush communities<Eleocharis>

+

+

!22.323

Dwarf toad-rush communities

+

+

!22.3232

Small galingale swards <Cyperus>

+

+

!22.3233

Wey ground dwarf herb communities

+

+

!22.34

Mediterraneo-Atlantic amphibious communities

+

+

!22.341

Short Mediterranean amphibious swards

+

+

!22.3414

Mediterranean small galingale swards

+

+

!22.3415

Mediterranean [Fimbristylis] swards

+

+

!22.3419

Mediterranean dwarf [Scirpus] swards

+

+

!22.341A

Mediterranean [Eleocharis] swards

+

+

!22.342

Tall Mediterranean amphibious swards

+

+

!22.344

Serapias grasslands

+

+

!22.351

Pannonic riverbank dwarf sedge communities  <Carex>

+

+

22,4

Euhydrophyte communities

+

+

22,41

Free-floating vegetation

+

+

!22.412

Frogbit rafts<Hydrocharis morsus-ranae> 

+

+

!22.413

Water-soldier raftd<Stratiotes aloides> 

+

+

!22.414

Bladderwort colonies<Utricularia> spp.

+

+

!22.415

Salvinia covers

+

+

!22.416

Aldrovanda communities

+

+

22,43

Rooted floating vegetation

+

+

22,432

Shallow-water floating communities

+

+

!22.4321

Water crowfoot  communities<Ranunculus sect. Bratrachium>

+

+

!22.4323

Water violet bads<Hottonia palustris> 

+

+

!22.44

Chandalier algae submerged carpets

+

+

!22.5

Turlough and lake-bottom meadows

+

+

23.

STANDING BRACKISH AND SALT WATER

!23.11

Athalassall saline lakes

+

+

!23.12

Submerged charophyte carpets in inland saline or hypersaline
waterbodies

+

+

!23.13

Salt basin benthic communities

+

+

!23.14

Exposed unvegetated beaches of inland saline and brackish waters with soft sediments

+

+

24.

RUNNING WATER

!24.2

River gravel banks

+

+

!24.21

Unvegetated river gravel banks

+

+

!24.22

Sparsely vegetated river gravel banks

+

+

!24.221

Boreo-alpine stream gravel communities

+

+

!24.222

Montane river gravel communities

+

+

  3. 

SCRUB AND GRASSLAND

31.

TEMPERATE HEATH AND SCRUB

+

+

!31.2

European dry heaths

+

+

!31.22

Sub-Atlantic [Calluna] - [Genista] heaths

+

+

31,4

Alpine and boreal heaths

+

+

!31.46

Bruckenthalia heaths            

+

+

!31.461

Rhodopide [Bruckenthalia] heaths

+

+

!31.462

North-western Hellenide [Bruckenthalia] heaths

+

+

!31.463

Carpatho-Balkanic [Bruckenthalia] heaths

+

+

!31.4631

Balkan range [Bruckenthalia] heaths

+

+

!31.7

Hedgehog‑heaths

+

+

!31.78

Helleno-Balkanic sylvatic [Astragalus] hedgehog-heaths

+

+

!31.782

Moesian [Astragalus angusiifolius] hedgehog-heaths

+

+

!31.8B1

Pannonic and sub‑Pannonic thickets

+

+

!31.8B121

Peri-Pannonic ground cherry scrub

+

+

!31.8B122

Peri-Pannonic dwarf almond scrub

+

+

!31.8B125

Danubian hawthorn scrub

+

+

!31.8B131

Peri-Pannonic hawthorn-blackthorn scrub

+

+

!31.8B133

Pannonic wig tree-manna ash thickets

+

+

32

SCLEROPHYLLOUS SCRUB

32,2

Thermo-Mediterranean shrub formations

+

+

!32.22

Tree-spurge formations

+

+

33.

Phrygana

+

+

34.

STEPPES AND DRY CALCAREOUS GRASSLANDS

!34.112

Houseseleek communities<Semperivivum> <Jovibarba>

+

+

!34.3

Dense perennial grasslands and middle European steppes

+

+

!34.311

Helleno-Balkanic [Satureja montana] steppes

+

+

!34.3161

Moesian-Carpathian steppes

+

+

!34.31612

Moesian-Carpathian andropogonid steppes

+

+

!34.3163

Moesian-Carpathian meadow steppes

+

+

!34.31632

Moesian<Chrysopogon>meadow-steppes

+

+

!34.31633

Moesian<Danthonia><Sieglinga>meadow-steppes

+

+

34.32 

Sub-Atlanticsemi-dry calcareous grassland

+

+

34,329

Illyrian (Mesobromion) grasslands

+

+

!34.3292

Illyrian<Seslaria>grasslands

+

+

!34.37

Serpentine steppes

+

+

!34.5

Mediterranean xeric grasslands

+

+

!34.53

East Mediterranean xeric grassland

+

+

!34.532

Helleno-Balkanic communities and terophyt

+

+

!34.9

Continental steppes

+

+

!34.911

Pannonic loess steppes

+

+

!34.912

Pannonic tall forb meadow-steppes

+

+

!34.913

Pannonic tall forb meadow-steppes

+

+

!34.914

Pannonic loess pastures

+

+

!34.A

Sand steppes

+

+

!34.AIII

Drooping brome pioneer swards

+

+

!34.A112

Corispermum pioneer swards

+

+

!34.A1213

Southern Pannonic calciphile sand fescue steppes

+

+

!34.A12122

Southern Pannonic feathergrass sand steppes

+

+

!34.A132

Deliblat <Festuca wagneri> sand steppes

+

+

!34.A14

Pannonic closed sand steppes

+

+

!34.A15

Pannonic sand puszta

+

+

!34.A12122

Southern Pannonic feathergrass sand steppes

+

+

35

DRY SILICEOUS GRASSLANDS

!35.1

Atlantic mat-grass swards and related communities

+

+

!35.11

Mat-grass swards <Nardus stricta>

+

+

!35.115

Illyrian mat-grass swards

+

+

!35.7

Mediterraneo-montane mat-grass swards

+

+

!35.73

Balkanic montane mat-grass swards

+

+

37

HUMID GRASSLAND AND TALL HERB COMMUNITIES

!37.2

Eutrophic humid grasslands

+

+

!37.21

Atlantic and sub-Atlantic humid meadows

+

+

!37.213

<Deschampsia caespitosa>meadows

+

+

!37.215

<Polygonium bistorta> meadows

+

+

!37.217

<Juncus effusus>meadows

+

+

!37.219

<Scirpus sylvaticus>meadows

+

+

!37.23

Subcontinental riverine meadows

+

+

!37.24

Flood swards and related communities

+

+

!37.241

Tall rush pastures          

+

+

!37.2424

<Agropyrum repens> swards

+

+

!37.25

Transitional tall herb humid meadows

+

+

!37.263

Dunabian-Pannonian riverian and humid meadows

+

+

!37.3

Oligotrophic humid grasslands     

+

+

!37.31

[Molinia caerulea] meadows and related communities

+

+

!37.313

Giant moorgrass swards         

+

+

!37.33

Continental oligotrophic humid grasslands                                             

+

+

!37.711

Angelica archangelica fluvial  communities

+

+

!37.713

Marsh mallow screens<Althaea officinalis>

+

+

!38.25

Continental meadows

+

+

!38.251

Ponto-Pannonian mezofilian high meadows

+

+

 4.

FORESTS

41.

BROAD-LEAVED DECIDUOUS FORESTS

!41.1

Beech forests

+

+

!41.19

Moesian beech forests

+

+

!41.1C

Illyrian beech forests

+

+

!41.1C222

Illyrian low-montane neutrophile fir-beech forests

+

+

!41.1C3

Illyrian thermophile beech forests

+

+

!41.1C31

Illyrian coastal beech forests

+

+

!41.1C32

Illyrian inland calciphile beech forests

+

+

!41.1C323

Illyrian (Acer obtusatum) beech forests

+

+

!41.1C4

Illyrian subalpine beech forests

+

+

!41.19312

<Prunus laurocerasus><Fagus>beech forests Old mountains(Blacanian mn.)

+

+

!41.2

Oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2A

Illyrian oak - hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2A1

Illyrian sessile oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2A12

Illyrian neutrocline sessile oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2A2

Illyrian pedunculate oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2B1

Pannonic hygrophile ash-oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2B2

Peri-Pannonic acidophile oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2C

Southeastern European oak - hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2C3

Moesian oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2C31

Moesian mesophile oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.2C32

Moesian thermophile oak-hornbeam forests

+

+

!41.4

Mixed ravine and slope forests

+

+

!41.462

Moesian ravine and slope forests

+

+

!41.463

Illyrian ravine forests

+

+

!41.4632

Illyrian mixed sycamore ravine forests

+

+

!41.5

Acidophilous oak forests

+

+

!41.57

Medio-European acidophilous [Quercus] forests

+

+

!41.7

Thermophilous and supra-Mediterranean oak woods

+

+

!41.73

Eastern [Quercus pubescens] woods

+

+

!41.74

Italo-Illyrian [Ostrya carpinifolia] sub-thermophilous [Quercus]

+

+

!41.736

Dalmatian white oak woods

+

+

!41.737

Eastern sub-Mediterranean white oak woods

+

+

!41.7372

Moesian white oak woods

+

+

!41.7374

Pannonian [Quercus pubescens] woods

+

+

!41.7375

Illyrian [Quercus pubescens]

+

+

!41.74

Italo-Illyrian [Ostrya carpinifolia] sub-thermophilous [Quercus] woods

+

+

!41.742

Dalmatian thermophile turkey oak-sessile oak woods

+

+

!41.7421

Dalmatian [Quercus cerris] woods

+

+

!41.7422

Dalmatian [Quercus petraea] woods

+

+

!41.761

Helleno-Moesian<Quercus cerris> woods

+

+

!41.762

Helleno-Moesian<Quercus frainetto> woods

+

+

!41.763

Helleno-Moesian<Quercus daleachampii>woods

+

+

!41.7641

Helleno-Moesian<Quercus petrea>woods

+

+

!41.765

Helleno-Moesian<Quercus virgiliana>woods

+

+

!41.766

Helleno-Moesian<Quercus pedunculiflora>woods

+

+

!41.767

Helleno-Moesian <Quercus polycarpa> forests

+

+

!41.78

[Quercus trojana] woodland

+

+

!41.781

Helleno-Balkanic Trojan oak woods

+

+

!41.7A12

Pannonic turkey oak-sessile oak woods

+

+

!41.7A13

Pannonic hairy greenweed sessile oak woods

+

+

!41.7A2133

Voivodinian sand steppe oak woods

+

+

!41.8

Mixed thermophilous forests

+

+

!41.81

Hop-hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.812

Supra-Mediterranean hop-hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.8123

Eastern Adriatic supra-Mediterranean hop-hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.82

Oriental hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.822

Helleno-Balkanic oriental hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.8222

Moesian oriental hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.8223

Lilac oriental hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.8225

Eastern Adriatic oriental hornbeam woods

+

+

!41.834

Moesian thermophilous maple woods

+

+

!41.84

Thermophilous [Tilia] woods

+

+

!41.85

[Celtis australis] woods

+

+

!41.863

Manna tree woods

+

+

!41.87

Pannonic [Juniperus] - [Populus] steppe woods

+

+

!41.88

Sub-Mediterranean and Pannonic mixed woods

+

+

!41.891

Western Asian wild fruit tree steppe woods

+

+

42.

TEMPERATE CONIFEROUS FORESTS

!42.16

South Balcan silver fir forest

+

+

!42.17

Balkano-Pontic fir forest

+

+

42,2

Western Palaearctic orogenous spruce forests

+

+

42,24

Sub-Mediterranean Norway spruce forests

+

+

!42.243

Montenegrine spruce forest  

+

+

!42.244

Paeonician spruce forest

+

+

!42.245

Balkan Range spruce forest

+

+

!42.27

Omorike  spruce forest<Picea omorika>

+

+

42.5 

Western Palaearctic Scots pine forests

+

+

!42.5C

South-eastern European Scots pine forests

+

+

!42.5C6

Dinaric calcicole Scots pine forests 

+

+

!42.6

Black pine forests

+

+

!42.62

Western Balkan Pinus nigra forests

+

+

!42.621

Dinaro-Pelagonian Pinus nigra forests

+

+

!42.6215

Illyrian submediterranean Pinus nigra forests

+

+

!42.66

Banat and Pallas pine forest

+

+

!42.7

High oro-mediterranean pine forests   

+

+

!42.71

White-barked pine [Pinus leucodermis] forests

+

+

!42.715

South Dinaric white-barked pine forests

+

+

!42.72

Macedonian pine [Pinus peuce] woods

+

+

!42.722

Southern Dinaric Macedonian pine woods

+

+

44

TEMPERATE RIVERINE AND SWAMP FORESTS AND BRUSH

!44.1

Riparian willow formations

+

+

!44.11

Orogenous riverine brush

+

+

!44.12

Lowland and collinar riverine [Salix] scrub

+

+

!44.13

Middle European [Salix alba] forests

+

+

!44.121

Almond willow-osier scrub

+

+

!44.123

Balkan riverine willow scrub

+

+

!44.14

Mediterranean tall [Salix] galleries

+

+

!44.161

Pannonic willow galleries

+

+

!44.141

Mediterranean white willow galleries

+

+

!44.1412

Eumediterranean white and crack willow galleries

+

+

!44.2

Boreo-alpine riparian galleries

+

+

!44.21

Montane grey alder galleries

+

+

!44.215

Montenegrine grey alder galleries

+

+

!44.24

Boreal black alder galleries

+

+

!44.3

Middle European stream ash‑alder woods

+

+

!44.31

[Fraxinus] - [Alnus] woods of rivulets and springs

+

+

!44.32

[Fraxinus] - [Alnus] woods of fast-flowing rivers

+

+

!44.33

[Fraxinus] - [Alnus] woods of slow rivers

+

+

44,4

Mixed oak-elm-ash forests of great rivers

+

+

!44.43

South-east European ash-oak-alder forests

+

+

!44.432

Helleno-Balkanic ash-oak-alder forests

+

+

!44.4325

Montenegrine ash-oak-alder forests

+

+

!44.5

Southern alder and birch galleries

+

+

!44.51

Southern black alder galleries

+

+

!44.8

Southern riparian galleries and thickets

+

+

!44.81

[Nerium oleander] [Vitex agnus-castus] and [Tamarix] galleries

+

+

!44.812

Chaste tree thickets

+

+

!44.813

Mediterraneo-Macaronesian tamarisk thickets

+

+

44,9

Alder, willow, oak, aspen swamp woods

+

+

44,914

Steppe swamp alder woods

+

+

!44.9141

Pannonic swamp alder-ash woods

+

+

! 45.

TEMPERATE BROAD‑LEAVED EVERGREEN FORESTS

+

+

45.11

Wild olive woodland

+

?

45.12

Carob woodland

+

?

45,3

Holm-oak forests

+

+

45.319

Illyrian holm-oak woodland

+

+

45,4

Kermes oak forests

+

+

45,5

Eurasian continental lauriphyllous forests

+

+

45,51

Mediterraneo-Atlantic laurel-oak woodland

+

+

  5.

BOGS AND MARSHES

51.

RAISED BOGS

!51.1

Near‑natural raised bogs

+

+

!51.13

Bog pools

+

+

!51.131

Bog eye (kolk)

+

+

53.

WATER-FRINGE VEGETATION

!53.3

Fen-sedge beds

+

+

!53.31

Fen [Cladium mariscus] beds

+

+

!53.33

Riparian [Cladium] beds

+

+

54.

FENS, TRANSITION MIRES AND SPRINGS

54,1

Springs

+

+

!54.12

Hard water springs

+

+

!54.2

Rich fens

+

+

!54.21

Tall herb fens

+

+

!54.22

[Schoenus ferrugineus] fens

+

+

!54.25

[Carex dioica], [Carex pulicaris] and [Carex flava] fens

+

+

!54.26

[Carex nigra] alkaline fens

+

+

!54.214 

Illyrian black bogrush fens

+

+

!54.23

Subcontinental Davall sedge fens

+

+

!54.236

Dinaric carnation-tawny sedge fens

+

+

!54.2F

Middle European flat sedge fens

+

+

!54.3

Arcto-alpine riverian swards

+

+

54,4

Acidic fens

+

+

54,42

Black-white-star sedge fens

+

+

!54.426

Peri-Danubian black-white-star sedge fens     

+

+

!54.4262

Dinaric black-star sedge acidic fens   

+

+

!54.4263

Rhodopide black-star sedge acidic fens

+

+

!54.4265

Balkanic black-star sedge fens

+

+

!54.4266

Moeso-Macedonian black-star sedge fens

+

+

!54.5

Transition mires

+

+

!54.51

Slender-sedge swards

+

+

!54.513

Brown moss-sphagnum slender-sedge swards

+

+

!54.52

[Carex diandra] quaking mires

+

+

!54.53

Bottle sedge quaking mires

+

+

!54.532

Basicline bottle sedge quaking mires

+

+

!54.5321

Basicline sphagnum-bottle sedge quaking mires

+

+

!54.54 

[Carex limosa] swards

+

+

!54.57

[Rhynchospora alba] quaking bogs

+

+

!54.58

Sphagnum and cottongrass rafts

+

+

!64

INLAND SAND DUNES

!64.711

Pannonic bare sands

+

+

!64.712

Pannonic dune lichen communities

+

+

!64.713

Pannonic dune pioneer grasslands

+

+

!64.714

Pannonic dune open grasslands

+

+

!64.715

Pannonic dune closed grasslands

+

+

!64.716

Pannonic dune thickets and scrubs

+

+

!64.717

Pannonic dune woods

+

+

6.

INLAND ROCKS, SCREES AND SANDS

!65.

Caves

+

+

!65.4

Troglobiont invertebrate caves

+

+

!65.5

Troglophile invertebrate caves

+

+

!65.6

Subtroglophile invertebrate caves

+

+

!93

WOODED STEPPE

+

+


Annex 2

List of endangered species requiring specific conservation measures in Serbia and Montenegro

Total Serbia&Mon

Serbia

Montenegro

Common S&M

SPECIES

199

159

154

111

VERTEBRATES/VERTÉBRÉS

Mammals/Mammifères

CHIROPTERA

Rhinolophidae

+

+

+

Rhinolophus blasii

+

+

+

+

Rhinolophus euryale

+

+

+

+

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

+

+

+

+

Rhinolophus hipposideros

+

+

+

+

Rhinolophus mehelyi

+

Vespertilionidae

+

+

Barbastella barbastellus

+

+

+

Miniopterus schreibersi

+

+

+

+

Myotis bechsteini

+

+

+

+

Myotis blythii

+

+

+

+

Myotis capaccinii

+

+

+

+

Myotis dasycneme

+

+

+

+

Myotis emarginatus

+

+

+

+

Myotis myotis

+

RODENTIA

Sciuridae

+

+

+

Spermophilus citellus (Citellus citellus)#

+

Castoridae

+

+

Castor fiber  # 1,  2

CARNIVORA

Canidae

+

+

+

Ursidae

+

+

+

Ursus arctos # 1

+

Mustelidae

+

+

Lutra lutra #

+

+

Mustela lutreola

Felidae

+

+

+

Lynx lynx # 1

+

Phocidae

+

+

Monachus monachus

Birds/Oiseaux

GAVIIFORMES

Gaviidae

+

+

Gavia stellata

+

+

Gavia arctica

+

+

Gavia immer

PODICIPEDIFORMES

Podicipedidae

+

+

Podiceps auritus

PROCELLARIIFORMES

Hydrobatidae

+

+

Hydrobates pelagicus

Procellariidae

+

+

Calonectris diomedea

+

+

Puffinus yelkouan yelkouan

PELECANIFORMES

Phalacrocoracidae

+

+

+

Phalacrocorax pygmaeus

+

PELICANIFORMES

+

+

Pelicanus crispus

CICONIIFORMES

Ardeidae

+

+

+

Ardea purpurea

+

+

+

+

Ardeola ralloides

+

+

+

+

Botaurus stellaris

+

+

+

+

Casmerodius albus (Egretta alba)

+

+

+

+

Egretta garzetta

+

+

+

+

Ixobrychus minutus

+

+

+

+

Nycticorax nycticorax

+

Ciconiidae

+

+

+

Ciconia nigra

+

+

+

+

Ciconia ciconia

+

Threskiornithidae

+

+

+

Plegadis falcinellus

+

+

+

+

Platalea leucorodia

+

Phoenicopteridae

+

+

Phoenicopterus ruber

ANSERIFORMES

Anatidae

+

+

+

Aythya nyroca 2

+

+

+

Anser albifrons flavirostries2

+

+

Branta ruficollis

+

+

Cygnus cygnus

+

+

Mergus allbelus

FALCONIFORMES

Accipitridae

+

+

+

Accipiter brevipes

+

+

+

+

Aquila chrysaetos

+

+

+

Aquila clanga

+

+

+

Aquila heliaca

+

+

+

+

Aquila pomarina

+

+

+

+

Buteo rufinus

+

+

+

+

Circaetus gallicus

+

+

+

+

Circus aeruginosus

+

+

+

Circus pygargus

+

+

Circus cyaneus

+

+

+

Gyps fulvus

+

+

+

+

Haliaeetus albicilla

+

+

+

Hieraaetus fasciatus

+

+

+

Hieraaetus pennatus

+

+

+

+

Milvus migrans

+

+

+

+

Milvus milvus 

+

+

+

Neophron percnopterus

+

+

+

Pernis apivorus

+

Pandionidae

+

+

Pandion haliaetus

Falconidae

+

+

+

Falco biarmicus

+

+

+

+

Falco naumanni

+

+

+

+

Falco peregrinus

+

+

+

+

Falco vespertinus

+

+

+

Falco columbarius

+

+

Falco eleonorae

GALLIFORMES

Tetraonidae

+

+

+

Bonasa bonasia 2

+

Tetreo urogallus

Phasianidae

Perdix perdix

Alectoria graeca

GRUIFORMES 

Turnicidae

+

+

Tunix sylvatica

Rallidae

+

+

+

Crex crex

+

+

+

+

Porzana parva

+

+

+

+

Porzana porzana

+

+

+

+

Porzana pusilla

+

Gruidae

+

+

Grus grus

Otididae

+

+

+

Otis tarda

+

+

+

+

Tetrax tetrax

+

CHARADRIIFORMES

Scolopacidae

+

+

Limosa laponica

+

+

 Philomachus pugnax2

+

+

Tringa glareola

Recurvirostridae

+

+

+

Himantopus himantopus

+

+

+

+

Recurvirostra avosetta

+

Burhinidae

+

+

+

Burhinus oedicnemus

+

Glareolidae

+

+

Glareola pratincola

Laridae

+

+

+

Chlidonias hybridus

+

+

+

+

Chlidonias leucopterus

+

+

+

+

Chlidonias niger

+

+

Gelochelidon nilotica

+

Larus genei

+

+

+

Larus melanocephalus

+

+

+

+

Sterna albifrons

+

+

+

+

Sterna hirundo

+

+

+

Sterna caspia

+

+

Sterna sandvicensis

STRIGIFORMES

Strigidae

+

+

+

Aegolius funereus

+

+

+

+

Asio flammeus

+

+

+

+

Bubo bubo

+

+

+

+

Glaucidium passerinum

+

+

+

+

Strix uralensis

+

CAPRIMULGIFORMES

Caprimulgidae

+

+

+

Caprimulgus europaeus

+

CORACIIFORMES 

Alcedinidae

+

+

+

Alcedo atthis

+

Coraciidae

+

+

+

Coracias garrulus

+

PICIFORMES

Picidae

+

+

+

Dendrocopos leucotos

+

+

+

+

Dendrocopos medius

+

+

+

+

Dendrocopos syriacus

+

+

+

Dendrocopos mayor

+

+

+

Dryocopus martius

+

+

+

Picoides tridactylus

+

+

+

Picus canus

+

PASSERIFORMES

Alaudidae

+

+

+

Calandrella brachydactyla

+

+

+

+

Lullula arborea 2

+

+

+

+

Melanocorypha calandra

+

Motacillidae

+

+

+

Anthus campestris

+

Laniidae

+

+

+

Lanius collurio

+

+

+

+

Lanius minor

+

Troglotidae

+

+

Troglodytes troglodytes fridariensis

Turdinae

+

+

Luscinia svecica  (Cyanosylvia svecica)

Sylviinae

+

+

+

Acrocephalus melanopogon

+

+

Acrocephalus palaudicola

+

+

+

Hippolais olivetorum

+

+

+

+

Sylvia nisoria

+

Muscicapinae

+

+

+

Ficedula albicollis

+

+

+

+

Ficedula parva

+

Sittidae

Emberizidae

+

+

+

Emberiza hortulana 2

+

Fringillidae

+

+

Fringilla coelbes ombrosa2

Corvidae

+

+

Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax

Reptiles

CHELONIA (TESTUDINES)

Testudinidae

+

+

Testudo graeca

+

+

+

Testudo hermanni

+

+

+

Cheloniidae

+

+

Caretta caretta

+

+

Chelonia mydas

Emydidae

+

+

+

Emys orbicularis

+

OPHIDIA (SERPENTES)

+

+

Colubridae

+

?

+

Elaphe quatuorlineata #

+

?

+

+

Elaphe situla #

+

Viperidae

+

+

+

Vipera ursinii

+

Amphibians/Amphibiens

CAUDATA

Salamandridae

+

+

Triturus carnifex (Triturus cristatus carnifex)

+

+

Triturus cristatus (Triturus cristatus cristatus)#

+

+

Triturus dobrogicus (Triturus cristatus dobrogicus)

+

+

Triturus karelinii (Triturus cristatus karelinii)#

ANURA

Discoglossidae

+

+

Bombina bombina#

+

+

+

Bombina variegata#

+

Fish/Poissons

OSTEICHTHYES

PETROMYZONIFORMES

Petromyzonidae

+

+

Eudontomyzon spp. 2

+

+

+

Lampetra planeri 1,2 #

+

+

+

Lampetra fluviatilis 1,2#

ACIPENSERIFORMES

+

+

Acipenseridae

+

+

Acipenser naccarii

+

+

+

Acipenser sturio

+

SALMONIFORMES

Salmonidae

+

+

+

Hucho hucho (natural polulations/populations naturelles) 2

+

+

+

Salmo marmoratus

CYPRINIFORMES

Cyprinidae

+

+

+

Aspius aspius #  1, 2

+

+

+

Barbus meridionalis 2

+

+

Chalcalburnus chalcoides 2 

+

+

Gobio albipinnatus 2

+

+

Gobio uranoscopus 2

+

+

Leuciscus souffia 2

+

+

Rhodeus sericeus amarus # 2

+

+

Rutilus pigus 2

Cobitidae

+

+

+

Cobitis taenia  1, 2  #

+

+

+

+

Misgurnus fossilis 2

+

+

+

+

Sabanejewia aurata 2

+

SCORPAENIFORMES

Cottidae

+

+

+

Cottus gobio 1, 2 #

+

PERCIFORMES

Percidae

+

+

Gymnocephalus schraetzer 2

+

+

Zingel spp. 2 

CLUPEIFORMES

Clupeidae

+

+

+

Alosa spp. #  2 

+

INVERTEBRATES/INVERTEBRES

Arthropods/Arthropodes

INSECTA

Odonata

+

+

Coenagrion mercuriale

+

+

Leucorrhinia pectoralis

?

?

Lindenia tetraphylla

?

?

Ophiogomphus cecilia

Coleoptera

?

?

Agathidium pulchellum

?

?

Boros schneideri

+

+

+

Buprestis splendens

+

+

+

+

Cerambyx cerdo

+

+

+

Cucujus cinnaberinus

+

+

Dytiscus latissimus

+

+

Graphoderus bilineatus

?

?

Limoniscus violaceus  2

+

+

+

Lucanus cervus 2  

?

?

+

Mesosa myops 2

+

+

Morimus funereus  2  

+

+

Osmoderma eremita

+

+

Rosalia alpina

?

?

Stephanopachys linearis 2

+

+

+

Stephanopachys substriatus 2

+

Lepidoptera

+

+

+

Callimorpha (Euplagia, Panaxia) quadripunctaria # 2

+

+

+

+

Eriogaster catax

+

+

+

Euphydryas (Eurodryas, Hypodryas) aurinia

+

+

Hypodryas maturna

+

+

+

Lycaena dispar

+

+

+

Hisperia comma catena2

+

+

Erebia medusa polaris2

+

+

+

Calimorpha (Euplagia, Panaxia) quadripunctaria #2

+

CRUSTACEA

Decapoda

?

?

Austropotamobius pallipes 2

Molluscs/Mollusques

GASTROPODA

Stylommatophora

+

+

Vertigo angustior 2

?

?

Vertigo genesii  2

?

?

Vertigo geyeri   2

?

?

Vertigo moulinsiana  2

BIVALVIA

Unionoida

+

+

+

Unio crassus

+

+

+


ANNEX 2.

List of endangered species requiring specific conservation measures in Serbia and Montenegro

PLANTS

Familia

Species

Subspecies

Total Serbia&Mon

Serbia

Montenegro

Common S&M

24

19

7

4

Compositae (Asteraceae)

Achillea baldaccii Degen

+

+

Droseraceae

Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.

+

+

Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)

Angelica palustris (Besser) Hoffm.

+

+

Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)

Eringium alpinum L.

+

+

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)

Armoracia macrocarpa (Waldst. & Kit.) Kit. ex Baumg.

+

+

Compositae (Asteraceae)

Artemisia pancicii (Janka) Ronniger

pancicii

+

+

Alismataceae

Caldesia parnassifolia (L.) Parl.

+

+

Cyperaceae

Carex panormitana Guss.

+

+

Orchidaceae

Cypripedium calceolus L.

+

+

Caryophyllaceae

Dianthus serotinus Waldst. & Kit.

+

+

Liliaceae

Fritillaria orientalis Adams

+

+

Liliaceae

Fritillaria montana Hoppe.

+

+

Liliaceae

Lilium jankae A. Kerner

+

+

Alismataceae

Luronium natans (L.) Rafin.

+

?

Marsileaceae

Marsilea quadrifolia L.

+

+

Amaryllidaceae

Narcissus poeticus L.

radiiflorus (Salisb.) Baker

+

+

Paeoniaceae

Paeonia tenuifolia L.

+

+

Ranunculaceae

Pulsatilla vulgaris Miller

grandis (Wenderoth) Zamels

+

+

Liliaceae

Tulipa hungarica Borbás

+

+

Primulaceae

Androsace mathildae Levier

+

+

BRYOPHYTA

Buxbaumia viridis(Moug.ex Lam. DC)Brid. Ex Moug&Nestl.

+

+

+

+

Chephalozia macounii (Aust.) Aust.

+

+

Dicranium viride (Sull.&Lesq.) Lindb.

+

+

+

+

Drepanocladus vernicosus (Mitt.) Warnst.

+

+

+

+


Annex 3

Map of selected sites in Serbia and Montenegro

Annex 4

Proposal for expansion of Emerald species list

Regarding the expansion of species list, the expert group decided to add following species located in territory of Montenegro:

-          local endemic species (*)

-          sub-endemic species

-          marine species from the list of the Barcelona convention

List include following species:

Proposal for expansion of Emerald species list

Type of endemism

INVERTEBRATES

TESTACEAE

Centropyxidae

Colaropyxidia stankovicii Živković, 1975

local endimic

Difflugidae

Cucurbitella vlasinensis Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Difflugia balcanica Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Difflugia bistrica Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Difflugia dragana Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Difflugia serata Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Difflugia serbica Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Difflugia styla Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Pontigulasia montana Ogden & Živković, 1983

local endimic

Protocucurbitella danubialis Živković, 1975

local endimic

Protocucurbitella longicornis Živković, 1975

local endimic

OLIGOCHAETA

Lumbricidae

Allolobophora paratulescovi (Šapkarev, 1975)

local endimic

Allolobophora speciosa (Mršić & Šapkarev, 1987)

local endimic

Allolobophora yugoslavica (Šapkarev, 1977)

local endimic

Allolobophora zicsi Šapkarev, 1975

local endimic

Cernosvitovia biserialis (Černosvitov, 1939)

local endimic

Cernosvitovia crnice Karaman, 1987

local endimic

Cernosvitovia dusichi Zicsi & Šapkarev, 1982

local endimic

Cernosvitovia silicata Mršić & Šapkarev, 1987

local endimic

Dendrobaena bokakotorensis Šapkarev, 1975

local endimic

Dendrobaena durmitorensis Mršić, 1988

local endimic

Dendrobaena jastrebensis Mršić & Šapkarev, 1987

local endimic

Dendrobaena serbica Karman, 1973

local endimic

Dendrobaena zicsi Karaman, 1973

local endimic

Fitzigeria viminiana Mršić, 1987

local endimic

Allolobophora kosowensis (Karaman, 1968)

endemic

Allolobophora macvensis Šapkarev, 1986

endemic

Allolobophora serbica (Šapkarev, 1977)

endemic

Allolobophora tulescovi (Černosvitov, 1937)

endemic

Cernosvitovia getica Pop, 1947

endemic

Dendrobaena kozuvensis Šapkarev, 1971

balkan endemic

Dendrobaena rhodopensis Černosvitov, 1937

balkan endemic

GASTROPODA

Aciculidae

Platyla procax Boeters, Gittenberger & Subai, 1989

endemic

Renea cobelti cobelti (A. J. Wagner, 1910)

endemic

Platyla wilhelmi (A. J. Wagner, 1910)

balkan endemic

Renea cobelti albanica Boeters, Gittenbergeret & Subai, 1989

balkan endemic

Platyla perpusilla (Reinhardt, 1880)

subendemic

Bythinellidae

Bythinella drimica alba Radoman, 1976

endemic

Bythinella schmidti dispersa Radoman, 1976

endemic

Bythinella schmidti luteola Radoman, 1976

endemic

Bythinella serborientalis Radoman, 1978

endemic

Chondrinidae

Chondrina spelta serbica Nordsieck, 1970

balkan endemic

Chondrina spelta spelta (Beck, 1837)

balkan endemic

Clausilidae

Delima montegrina spuzenzis Nordsieck, 1969

endemic

Laciniaria pygmea (Moellendorf, 1873)

endemic

Delima binotata schlotteri Brancsik, 1889

balkan endemic

Delima montenegrina (Pfeiffer)

balkan endemic

Herilla bosniensis bosniensis (Pfeiffer, 1868)

balkan endemic

Macedonica frauenfeldi occidentalis Jaeckel, 1954

balkan endemic

Medora contracta contracta (Rossmaessler)

balkan endemic

Clausiliidae

Alopia durmitoris Boettger, 1909

endemic

Alopia exornata A. Wagner, 1914

endemic

Balea biplicata balcanica (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Balea biplicata pancici (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Balea biplicata vlasinensis (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Balea pancici Pavlović 1912

endemic

Balea urosevici (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Balea wagneri stoicevici (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Bulgarica moellendorffi banjana Nordsieck, 1973

endemic

Bulgarica moellendorffi moellendorffi Nordsieck, 1972

endemic

Bulgarica pavlovici pavlovici Nordsieck, 1972

endemic

Bulgarica pavlovici purpurascens Nordsieck, 1973

endemic

Bulgarica stolensis (Pfeifer, 1859)

endemic

Delima binodata lovcenica Boettger, 1909

endemic

Herilla bosniensis dux Nordsieck, 1974

endemic

Herilla bosniensis exornata (A. J. Wagner, 1913)

endemic

Herilla bosniensis gastron (A. J. Wagner, 1913)

endemic

Herilla bosniensis hannae Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla bosniensis ibarensis (A. J. Wagner, 1919)

endemic

Herilla bosniensis kusceri Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla bosniensis rex Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla bosniensis semistriata (Frankenberg)

endemic

Herilla durmitoris durmitoris (Boettger, 1909)

endemic

Herilla illyrica medorella Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla illyrica oribates Sturany, 1909

endemic

Herilla illyrica savnikensis Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla jabucica excedens O. Boettger, 1909

endemic

Herilla jabucica interrupta Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla jabucica jabucica Boettger, 1907

endemic

Herilla ziegleri accedens (Moellendorff, 1873)

endemic

Herilla ziegleri amaliae Urbanski, 1973

endemic

Herilla ziegleri edlauer Nordsieck, 1974

endemic

Herilla ziegleri jaeckeli (Nordsieck, 1971)

endemic

Herilla ziegleri klemmi Nordsieck, 1971

endemic

Herilla ziegleri latecostata Urbanski, 1973

endemic

Herilla ziegleri limana Boettger, 1909

endemic

Herilla ziegleri rascana (A. J. Wagner, 1919)

endemic

Macedonica frauenfeldi elongata (Pavlović, 1911)

endemic

Macedonica frauenfeldi frauenfeldi (Rossmaessler, 1838)

endemic

Macedonica frauenfeldi moellendorffi (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Macedonica frauenfeldi pavloviciana Urbanski, 1973

endemic

Macedonica pirotana (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Medora abrupta (Kuester, 1846)

endemic

Medora contracta seriola (Westerlund, 1884)

endemic

Medora dalmatina montenegrina Nordsieck, 1970

endemic

Medora formosa (Rossmaessler, 1835)

endemic

Medora goldi goldi (Walderdorff, 1864)

endemic

Medora goldi herminiana Sturany, 1909

endemic

Medora goldi sulcosula Walderdorff, 1864

endemic

Medora lesinensis caesia (Westerlund, 1878)

endemic

Medora regularis walderdorffi (Pfeiffer, 1861)

endemic

Montenegrina janinensis sporadica Nordsieck, 1974

endemic

Vestia roschitzi minima (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Vestia roschitzi trigonostoma (Pavlović, 1912)

endemic

Caringera eximia (Moellendorff, 1873)

balkan endemic

Delima apfelbecki (Sturany, 1907)

balkan endemic

Herilla durmitoris pseudalopia (A. Wagner, 1913)

balkan endemic

Herilla illyrica illyrica (Moellendorff, 1899)

balkan endemic

Herilla ziegleri tarensis (Pavlović, 1912)

balkan endemic

Medora contracta cotorensis A. Wagner, 1918

balkan endemic

Medora contracta seriola Westerlund, 1884

balkan endemic

Medora lamelosa (H. Wagner, 1929)

balkan endemic

Medora lesinensis lesinensis (Kuester, 1847)

balkan endemic

Medora proxima elongata Walderdorff, 1864

balkan endemic

Medora proxima proxima (Walderdorff, 1864)

balkan endemic

Medora regularis regularis (Pfeiffer, 1861)

balkan endemic

Medora strigillata (Rossmaessler, 1836)

balkan endemic

Montegrina subcristata (Kuester, 1847)

balkan endemic

Montenegrina cattaroensis (Rossmaessler, 1835)

balkan endemic

Vestia ranojevici (Pavlović, 1912)

balkan endemic

Cochlicopidae

Hypnophila pupaeformis (Cantraine, 1836)

balkan endemic

Cyclophoridae

Cochlostoma dalmatinum (Pfeiffer, 1863)

endemic

Cochlostoma erika (A. J. Wagner, 1906)

endemic

Cochlostoma auritum (Rossmaessler, 1835)

balkan endemic

Enidae

Ena jugoslaviensis A. J. Wagner, 1922

balkan endemic

Helicidae

Helicigona trizona ljubetenensis (A. J. Wagner, 1914)

endemic

Helix dormitoris dormitoris Kobelt, 1898

endemic

Helix dormitoris hajlensis Knipper, 1939

endemic

Helicigona braueri braueri A. Wagner, 1914

balkan endemic

Helicigona hoffmanni hoffmanni Rossmaessler, 1836

balkan endemic

Helicigona kollari (Pfeiffer, 1856)

balkan endemic

Helicigona moellendorffi (Kobelt, 1871)

balkan endemic

Helicigona pouzolzi bosniensis (Kobelt, 1871)

balkan endemic

Helicigona pouzolzi montenegrina (Rossmaessler, 1836)

balkan endemic

Helicigona pouzolzi pouzolzi (Deshayes, 1830)

balkan endemic

Helicigona trizona balcanica (Kobelt, 1875)

balkan endemic

Helicigona trizona inflata (Kobelt, 1875)

balkan endemic

Helix dormitoris kolaschinensis (Kobelt, 1898)

balkan endemic

Helix dormitoris stolacensis Kobelt, 1906

balkan endemic

Helix lucorum (Linnaeus, 1758)

balkan endemic

Helix pomatia serbica Kobelt, 1906

balkan endemic

Helix vladica Kobelt, 1898

balkan endemic

Monacha frequens (Mousson, 1859)

balkan endemic

Monacha kusmici (Clessin, 1887)

balkan endemic

Helicigona planospira (Lamarck, 1822)

subendemic

Helicigona serbica (Kobelt, 1872)

subendemic

Helicigona trizona trizona (Rossmaessler, 1835)

subendemic

Soosia diodonta (Megerle v. Muhlfeld, 1835

subendemic

Hydrobiidae

Adriohydrobia gagatinella (Kuester, 1852)

balkan endemic

Hydrobia declinata (Frauenfeld, 1863)

balkan endemic

Hydrocenidae

Hydrocena cattaroensis (Pfeiffer, 1841)

balkan endemic

Limacidae

Bielzia montenegrina (Boettger, 1885)

endemic

Limax illyricus Simroth, 1909

endemic

Limax wohlberedti Simroth, 1900

endemic

Lehmannia brunneri (H. Wagner, 1931)

balkan endemic

Milacidae

Milax serbicus (H. Wagner, 1930)

endemic

Milax albanicus (Soos, 1924)

balkan endemic

Milax kusceri H. Wagner, 1931

balkan endemic

Milax montenegrinus (Simroth, 1900)

balkan endemic

Milax reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887)

balkan endemic

Orculidae

Orcula schmidtii schmidti (Kuester, 1859)

balkan endemic

Orientalinidae

Anagastina gluhodolica (Radoman, 1973)

endemic

Anagastina matijasici (Bole, 1961)

endemic

Anagastina scutarica (Radoman, 1973)

endemic

Anagastina vidrovani (Radoman, 1873)

endemic

Anagastina zetaevalis (Radoman, 1973)

endemic

Belgrandiella bumasta Schuett, 1966

endemic

Bracenica spiridoni Radoman, 1973

endemic

Grossuana serbica remesiana Radoman, 1973

endemic

Grossuana serbica serbica Radoman, 1973

endemic

Hauffenia plana Bole, 1961

endemic

Iglica illyrica Nordsieck, 1970

endemic

Lanzaia hadzii Bole, 1958

endemic

Orientalina curta anagastica Radoman, 1973

endemic

Orientalina elongata Radoman, 1973

endemic

Orientalina lacustris Radoman, 1973

endemic

Orientalina montana Radoman, 1973

endemic

Paladilhiopsis serbica Pavlović, 1913

endemic

Plagiogeyeria gladilini gladilini Kuščer, 1936

endemic

Plagiogeyeria zetaprotogona montenegrina Bole, 1961

endemic

Plagiogeyeria zetaprotogona zetadidyma Schuett, 1960

endemic

Plagiogeyeria zetaprotogona zetaprotogona Schuett, 1960

endemic

Saxurinatur orthodoxus Schuett, 1960

endemic

Saxurinatur schlickumi Schuett, 1960

endemic

Terranigra kosovica Radoman, 1978

endemic

Lanzaia vjeternicae Kuščer, 1933

balkan endemic

Orientalina curta curta (Kuester, 1852)

balkan endemic

Plagiogeyeria zetaprotogona pageti Schuett, 1961

balkan endemic

Plagiogeyeria zetaprotogona zetatridyma Schuett, 1960

balkan endemic

Sarajana apfelbecki driniana Radoman, 1975

balkan endemic

Pupillidae

Agardhiela dabrovici Gittenberger, 1975

endemic

Agardhiela stenostoma (Flach, 1890)

endemic

Klemmia magnicostata Gittenberger, 1975

endemic

Klemmia sinistrosa Gittenberger, 1969

endemic

Spelaeodiscus obodensis Bole, 1965

endemic

Spelaeodiscus unidentatus Bole, 1961

endemic

Virpazaria adrianae Gittenberger, 1969

endemic

Virpazaria bachuysi Gittenberger, 1969

endemic

Virpazaria deelemanorum Gittenberger, 1975

endemic

Virpazaria pageti Gittenberger, 1969

endemic

Virpazaria ripkeni Gittenberger, 1969

endemic

Agardhiela truncatella scipetarica (A. J. Wagner, 1914)

balkan endemic

Spelaeodiscus albanicus (A. J. Wagner, 1914)

balkan endemic

Spelaeodiscus astoma (O. Boettger, 1909)

balkan endemic

Turricaspiidae

Emmericia expansilabris Bourguignat, 1880

balkan endemic

Vitrinidae

Vitrina bonelli reitteri (Boettger, 1880)

balkan endemic

Viviparidae

Viviparus mamilatus (Kuester, 1852)

balkan endemic

Zonitidae

Oxychilus planospiroides Riedel, 1969

endemic

Paraegopis mauritii montenegrinus (Boettger, 1909)

endemic

Paraegopis oberwimmeri Klemm, 1965

endemic

Paraegopis albanicus (Rossmaessler, 1836)

balkan endemic

Paraegopis mauriti (Westerlund, 1886)

balkan endemic

Paraegopis scipetaricus A. J. Wagner, 1914

balkan endemic

Vitrea kutschigi (Walderdorff, 1864)

balkan endemic

Vitrea sturanyi (A. J. Wagner, 1907)

balkan endemic

Vitrea subrimata inflata A. J. Wagner, 1907

subendemic

AMPHIPODA

Bogidiellidae

Bogidiella semidenticulata Meštrov, 1961

balkan endemic

Gammaridae

Accubogammarus algor algor G. Karaman 1973

local endimic

Gammarus pljakici G. Karaman 1964

local endimic

Gammarus stojicevici (S. Karaman 1929)

endemic

Gammarus dulensis S. Karaman 1929

subendemic

Niphargidae

Niphargus adbiptus G. Karaman 1973

local endimic

Niphargus carcerarius G. Karaman 1986

local endimic

Niphargus deelemanae G. Karaman 1973

local endimic

Niphargus illidzensis montenigrinus G. Karaman 1962

local endimic

Niphargus jugoslavicus G. Karaman 1982

local endimic

Niphargus kragujevensis kragujevensis S. Karaman 1950

local endimic

Niphargus smederevanus S. Karaman 1950

local endimic

Niphargus stygius ravanicanus S. Karaman 1943

local endimic

Niphargus stygius remyi S. Karaman 1934

local endimic

Niphargus kragujevensis remus G. Karaman 1992

endemic

ANOSTRACA

Chirocephalidae

Chirocephalus brevipalpis (Orghidan, 1953)

endemic

CONCHOSTRACA

Imnadiidae

Imnadia banatica Marinček & Valvajter, 1982

local endimic

Imnadia cristata Marinček, 1972

local endimic

Imnadia panonica Marinček & Petrov, 1984

local endimic

Leptestheridae

Eoleptestheria spinosa magna Marinček, 1978

local endimic

Eoleptestheria spinosa minor Marinček, 1983

local endimic

Eoleptestheria spinosa Marinček, 1978

endemic

Leptestheria saetosa Marinček & Petrov, 1992

endemic

ORTHOPTERA        

Acrididae     

Podismopsis relicta Ramme, 1931

local endimic

Stenobothrus posthumus Ramme, 1931

local endimic

Odontopodisma albanica Ramme, 1951

subendemic

Oropodisma macedonica Ramme, 1951

subendemic

Gryllidae     

Modicogryllus mladeni Karaman & Pavićević, 1995

endemic

Mogoplistidae 

Discoptila willemsei Karaman, 1975

endemic

Phaneropteridae

Isophya obtusa Brunner, 1882

local endimic

Poecilimon ebneri Ramme, 1933

subendemic

Poecilimon komareki Čeichan, 1957

subendemic

Poecilimon poecilus Ramme, 1951

subendemic

Pyrgomorphidae

Pyrgomorphella serbica Pančić, 1882

subendemic

Rhaphidophoridae

Troglophilus brevicauda Chopard, 1934

local endimic

Troglophilus ovuliformis Karny, 1907

local endimic

Troglophilus pretneri Us, 1970

local endimic

Troglophilus lazaropolensis Z. Karaman, 1958

subendemic

Tettigonidae  

Zeuneriana amplipennis Brunner, 1882

endemic

Metrioptera hoermanni Werner, 1906

subendemic

Metrioptera prenjica (Burr, 1899)

subendemic

Pholidoptera maritima Zeuner, 1931

subendemic

HETEROPTERA       

Miridae       

Dimorphocoris beieri E. Wagner, 1965

local endimic

Myrmecophyes montenegrinus E. Wagner, 1976

local endimic

RAPHIDIOPTERA     

Raphididae    

Raphidia thaleri Aspock & Aspock, 1964

local endimic

COLEOPTERA        

Anomatidae    

Anommatus mixtus Dajoz, 1987

local endimic

Anommatus nonveilleri Dajoz, 1984

local endimic

Anommatus serbicus Dajoz, 1987

local endimic

Carabidae     

Adriaphaenops staudacheri Scheibel, 1939

local endimic

Adriaphaenops stirni Pretner, 1959

local endimic

Adriaphaenops zupcense Pavićević, 1990

local endimic

Bembidion serbicum Apfelbeck, 1902

local endimic

Carabus praecellens Palliardi, 1825

local endimic

Deltomerus nopcskai Chiki, 1940

local endimic

Duvaliotes durmitorensis Apfelbeck, 1904

local endimic

Duvaliotes subcylindricus J. M•ller, 1913

local endimic

Duvalius bolei (Pretner, 1963)

local endimic

Duvalius leonhardi Reitter, 1901

local endimic

Leistus sutomorensis Reitter, 1905

local endimic

Neoduvalius cvijici Jeannel, 1923

local endimic

Neotrechus paganetti (Ganglbauer, 1896)

local endimic

Neotrechus setniki (Reitter, 1904)

local endimic

Neotrechus silvaticus (Winkler, 1926)

local endimic

Omphreus bischofi Meschnigg, 1934

local endimic

Omphreus wohlberedti Winkler, 1933

local endimic

Paraduvalius stankovitchi Jeannel, 1923

local endimic

Paraduvalius winkleri Jeannel, 1923

local endimic

Pterostichus walteri Reitter, 1883

local endimic

Trechus babinjensis Jeannel, 1924

local endimic

Trechus centralis Nonveiller et all., 1994

local endimic

Winklerites durmitorensis Nonveiller & Pavićević, 1987

local endimic

Winklerites kuciensis Nonveiller & Pavićević, 1987

local endimic

Winklerites paganettii J. M•ller 1911

local endimic

Calosoma pentheri Apfelbeck, 1918

endemic

Duvalius sturanyi (Apfelbeck, 1904)

endemic

Molops curtulus Ganglbauer, 1892

endemic

Molops reiseri Apfelbeck, 1904

endemic

Nebria sturanyi Apfelbeck, 1906

endemic

Nebria telekiana Chiki, 1940

endemic

Pterostichus serbicus Apfelbeck, 1899

endemic

Nebria bosnica Ganglbauer, 1889

balkan endemic

Trechus kobingeri Apfelbeck, 1902

balkan endemic

Amara hannemanni Hieke, 1991

subendemic

Calathus albanicus Apfelbeck, 1906

subendemic

Calosoma relictum Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Carabus versicolor  (Frivaldsky, 1835)

subendemic

Deltomerus malissorum Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Duvaliotes maglicensis Winkler, 1933

subendemic

Duvaliotes speiseri (Ganglbauer, 1892)

subendemic

Duvalius fodori Scheibel, 1937

subendemic

Leistus apfelbecki Ganglbauer, 1892

subendemic

Molops albanicus Apfelbeck, 1904

subendemic

Molops apfelbecki Ganglbauer, 1892

subendemic

Molops merditanus Apfelbeck, 1906

subendemic

Molops osmanlis Apfelbeck, 1904

subendemic

Molops parreyssi Kraatz, 1875

subendemic

Molops plurisetosus J. M•ller, 1917

subendemic

Nebria attemsi Apfelbeck, 1903

subendemic

Nebria ganglbaueri Apfelbeck, 1905

subendemic

Nebria merditana Apfelbeck, 1906

subendemic

Nebria speiseri Ganglbauer, 1892

subendemic

Neotrechus hilfi (Reitter, 1903)

subendemic

Neotrechus lonai J. M•ller, 1915

subendemic

Neotrechus noesskei (Apfelbeck, 1908)

subendemic

Neotrechus ottonis (Reitter, 1905)

subendemic

Neotrechus suturalis (Shaufuss, 1884)

subendemic

Omphreus gracilis Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Omphreus morio DÒjean, 1828

subendemic

Paradeltomerus paradoxus Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Pheggomisetes globiceps Buresch, 1925

subendemic

Pterostichus latifianus Apfelbeck, 1906

subendemic

Pterostichus lumensis Apfelbeck, 1906

subendemic

Pterostichus ottomanus Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Pterostichus penteri Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Speluncarius anophtalmus Reitter, 1886

subendemic

Speluncarius setipennis Apfelbeck, 1899

subendemic

Stenochromus montenegrinus M•ller, 1866

subendemic

Synuchidius ganglbaueri Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Tapinopterus miridita Apfelbeck, 1904

subendemic

Trechus albanicus Apfelbeck, 1907

subendemic

Trechus bosnicus Ganglbauer, 1891

subendemic

Trechus egregius Jeannel, 1927

subendemic

Trechus ljubetensis Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Trechus pulchellus Putzeys, 1845

subendemic

Trechus valbonensis Jeannel, 1927

subendemic

Cerambycidae  

Evodinus balcanicus Hampe, 1870

balkan endemic

Dorcadion ljubetense Pic, 1909

subendemic

Cholevidae    

Anillocharis tenuilimbatus Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Antroherpon absoloni GuÕorguiev, 1990

local endimic

Antroherpon matulici Reitter, 1903

local endimic

Antroherpon piesbergeni Zariquiey, 1928

local endimic

Antroherpon scutulatum Giachino & GuÕorguiev, 1993

local endimic

Antroherpon zariquieyi Jeannel, 1930

local endimic

Bathyscidius remyi Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Blattochaeta hawelkai Knirch, 1929

local endimic

Blattochaeta marianii (Reitter, 1920)

local endimic

Blattochaeta matchai Jeannel, 1924

local endimic

Blattochaeta montenegrina Jeannel, 1930

local endimic

Blattochaeta remyi Jeannel, 1931

local endimic

Hadesia vasiceki J. M•ller, 1911

local endimic

Leonhardella antennaria Jeannel, 1948

local endimic

Leonhardella montenegrina Jeannel, 1948

local endimic

Leonhardella roseni (G. Miller, 1937)

local endimic

Leonhardella setniki Reitter, 1907

local endimic

Magdelainella hussoni Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Magdelainella winkleri Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Pholeuonella erberi (Schaufuss, 1863)

local endimic

Pholeuonella ganglbaueri (Apfelbeck, 1907)

local endimic

Pholeuonella matchai Jeannel, 1924

local endimic

Pholeuonella scutariensis G. Miller, 1934

local endimic

Pholeuonella stussineri J. M•ller, 1914

local endimic

Pholeuonopsis magdelainei Jeannel, 1924

local endimic

Proleonhardella hirtella Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Proleonhardella remyi Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Pseudobathyscidius serbicus Z. Karaman, 1964

local endimic

Remyella propiformis Winkler, 1933

local endimic

Remyella puncticollis Jeannel, 1934

local endimic

Remyella scaphoides Jeannel, 1931

local endimic

Speonesiotes brachycerus Jeannel, 1924

local endimic

Speonesiotes hummleri Jeannel, 1924

local endimic

Speonesiotes laticollis (G. Miller, 1934)

local endimic

Speonesiotes pretneri (G. Miller, 1934)

local endimic

Speonesiotes scutariensis G. Miller, 1934

local endimic

Tartariella durmitorensis Nonveiller et al.

local endimic

Weiratheria bocki Zariquiey, 1928

local endimic

Antroherpon latipenne Apfelbeck, 1907

endemic

Antroherpon matzenaueri Apfelbeck, 1907

endemic

Antroherpon taxi J. M•ller, 1913

endemic

Pholeuonella andrijevicensis Jeannel, 1924

endemic

Speonesiotes narentinus (L. M•ller 1861)

endemic

Adelopsella bosnica (Reitter, 1885)

subendemic

Anillocharis ottonis Reitter, 1903

subendemic

Anillocharis stenopterus Formanek, 1906

subendemic

Antroherpon apfelbecki J. M•ller, 1910

subendemic

Blattodromus herculeanus (Reitter, 1904)

subendemic

Leonhardella angulicollis Reitter, 1903

subendemic

Leonhardella jeanneli (Winkler, 1933)

subendemic

Leonhardella setnikiana Reitter, 1908

subendemic

Magdelainella serbica (J. M•ller, 1904)

subendemic

Pholeuonopsis leonhardi (Reitter, 1903)

subendemic

Pholeuonopsis spaethi Knirsch, 1929

subendemic

Speonesiotes dorotkanus (Reitter, 1881)

subendemic

Speonesiotes lonai J. M•ller, 1914

subendemic

Chrysomelidae 

Crepidodera springeri Heikertinger, 1923

endemic

Colydidae     

Langelandia callosipennis Reitter, 1881

local endimic

Langelandia gjonovici Reitter, 1912

local endimic

Langelandia reflexipennis Reitter, 1912

local endimic

Curculionidae 

Acallocrates fasciatus Colonelli, 1980

local endimic

Alophus apfelbecki Reitter, 1901

local endimic

Argoptochus viridilimbatus Apfelbeck, 1899

local endimic

Baris serbica Schultze, 1897

local endimic

Barypeithes noesskei Apfelbeck, 1911

local endimic

Otiorhynchus albanicus torosus Reitter, 1913

local endimic

Otiorhynchus aurosignatus mokragorensis Apfelbeck,1894

local endimic

Otiorhynchus bosnicus obtusidens Apfelbeck, 1928

local endimic

Otiorhynchus galteri Apfelbeck, 1918

local endimic

Otiorhynchus inunctus chionophilus Apfelbeck, 1908

local endimic

Otiorhynchus kopaonicensis Apfelbeck, 1908

local endimic

Otiorhynchus macedonicus visitorensis Lona, 1943

local endimic

Otiorhynchus moesiacus Apfelbeck, 1921

local endimic

Otiorhynchus petrensis ludovici Reitter, 1912

local endimic

Otiorhynchus praecellens pseudobosnarum  M•ller, 1922

local endimic

Otiorhynchus prisrensis Apfelbeck, 1922

local endimic

Otiorhynchus serbicus Apfelbeck, 1921

local endimic

Otiorhynchus solitarius Apfelbeck, 1918

local endimic

Otiorhynchus sturanyi Apfelbeck, 1906

local endimic

Otiorhynchus tanycerus Apfelbeck, 1922

local endimic

Phyllobius ganglbaueri Apfelbeck, 1915

local endimic

Plinthus dardanicus Meregalli, 1985

local endimic

Sciaphobus paliuri Apfelbeck, 1908

local endimic

Sciaphobus polydrosinus Apfelbeck, 1921

local endimic

Otiorhynchus crivoscianus Apfelbeck, 1895

endemic

Tropiphorus serbicus Reitter, 1901

endemic

Alophus triguttatus balcanicus Apfelbeck, 1927

balkan endemic

Cionus hypsibatus Wingelm•ller, 1914

balkan endemic

Otiorhynchus bosnicus bosnicus Stierlin, 1888

balkan endemic

Otiorhynchus inunctus inunctus Stierlin, 1861

balkan endemic

Otiorhynchus juglandis Apfelbeck, 1896

balkan endemic

Otiorhynchus lithantracinus Boheman, 1843

balkan endemic

Otiorhynchus rhilensis Stierlin, 1888

balkan endemic

Otiorhynchus rugicollis Germar, 1817

balkan endemic

Phyllobius pinicola Kiesenwetter, 1864

balkan endemic

Phyllobius pseudonothus hypsibatus Apfelbeck, 1915

balkan endemic

Sciaphobus caesius Hampe, 1870

balkan endemic

Trachyphloeus bosnicus Apfelbeck, 1898

balkan endemic

Alophus gjorgjevici Apfelbeck, 1927

subendemic

Alophus malissorum Apfelbeck, 1927

subendemic

Alophus shardaghensis Apfelbeck, 1927

subendemic

Barypeithes bosnicus Apfelbeck, 1899

subendemic

Coniocleonus pseudoobliquus J. M•ller, 1921

subendemic

Foucartia depilis Kraatz, 1859

subendemic

Leiosoma bosnicum Daniel, 1906

subendemic

Liophloeus pupillatus Apfelbeck, 1928

subendemic

Miarus balcanicus Desbrochers, 1893

subendemic

Otiorhynchus adonis Apfelbeck, 1906

subendemic

Otiorhynchus albanicus albanicus Apfelbeck, 1907

subendemic

Otiorhynchus armipes Apfelbeck 1908

subendemic

Otiorhynchus atripes Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Otiorhynchus aurosignatus crassirostris Apfelbeck, 1894

subendemic

Otiorhynchus aurosignatus vlasuljensis Apfelbeck, 1894

subendemic

Otiorhynchus austriacus primigenius Apfelbeck, 1928

subendemic

Otiorhynchus brachyscelis Apfelbeck, 1911

subendemic

Otiorhynchus cirrhocnemis Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Otiorhynchus cirrogaster Apfelbeck, 1928

subendemic

Otiorhynchus corallipes Stierlin, 1890

subendemic

Otiorhynchus croaticus Stierlin, 1861

subendemic

Otiorhynchus cymophanus Germar, 1821

subendemic

Otiorhynchus dolichocephalus Apfelbeck, 1921

subendemic

Otiorhynchus dryadis Apfelbeck, 1894

subendemic

Otiorhynchus ganglbaueri Stierlin, 1888

subendemic

Otiorhynchus glabratus Stierlin, 1861

subendemic

Otiorhynchus imitator Apfelbeck, 1894

subendemic

Otiorhynchus koritnicensis Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Otiorhynchus liliputanus Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Otiorhynchus lumensis Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Otiorhynchus macedonicus conorhynchus Solari, 1937

subendemic

Otiorhynchus malissorum Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Otiorhynchus mendax Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Otiorhynchus noesskei Apfelbeck, 1921

subendemic

Otiorhynchus piliger Apfelbeck, 1895

subendemic

Otiorhynchus praecellens bosnarum Csiki, in Reitt., 1906

subendemic

Otiorhynchus prokletiensis Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Otiorhynchus pseudoalbanicus Braun, 1990

subendemic

Otiorhynchus relictus Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Otiorhynchus rhacusensis Germar, 1822

subendemic

Otiorhynchus shardaghensis Apfelbeck, 1908

subendemic

Otiorhynchus speiseri Apfelbeck, 1894

subendemic

Otiorhynchus splendidus Reitter, 1913

subendemic

Otiorhynchus strumosus Heller, 1886

subendemic

Otiorhynchus subsulcatus Apfelbeck, 1918

subendemic

Plinthus setosus Reitter, 1890

subendemic

Polydrusus hoppei Apfelbeck, 1921

subendemic

Sciaphobus balcanicus Apfelbeck, 1921

subendemic

Sciaphobus scheibeli Apfelbeck, 1921

subendemic

Tropiphorus albanicus Apfelbeck, 1929

subendemic

Ubychia elipsoidalis Osella & Nonveiller, 1983

subendemic

Ubychia ganglbaueri Reitter, 1912

subendemic

Ubychia salpigoides Kraatz, 1881

subendemic

Dytiscidae    

Potamonectes macedonicus GuÕorguiev, 1959

local endimic

Scarodytes savinensis Zimmermann, 1933

local endimic

Lampyridae    

Luciola novaki G. Miller, 1946

local endimic

Pselaphidae   

Amaurops breiti Ganglbauer, 1903

local endimic

Amaurops kaufmanni Ganglbauer, 1895

local endimic

Amaurops montenegrina Szekessy, 1943

local endimic

Protamaurops serbicus Z. Karaman, 1961

local endimic

Pygoxyon sturanyi Apfelbeck, 1906

local endimic

Seracamaurops fodori Szekessy, 1943

local endimic

Seracamaurops fritschi Besuchet, 1986

local endimic

Seracamaurops grandis Winkler, 1925

local endimic

Bryaxis argus (Kraatz, 1883)

endemic

Scydmaenidae  

Ablepton tumanense Nonveiller & Pavićević, 1991

local endimic

Staphylinidae 

Egeotyphlus zecevici Pace, 1984

local endimic

Lathrobium kopaonikanum Rambousek, 1928

local endimic

Leptusa anophtalma Bernhauer, 1903

local endimic

Leptusa durmitorensis Pace, 1984

local endimic

Leptusa jeanneli Scheerpeltz, 1935

local endimic

Leptusa kosmajensis Pace, 1987

local endimic

Leptusa serbica Scheerpeltz, 1935

local endimic

Leptusa winkleriana Scheerpeltz, 1965

local endimic

Lathrobium anophtalmum Fauvel, 1885

endemic

Lathrobium nonveilleri Pace, 1984

endemic

Leptusa nonveilleri Pace, 1984

endemic

Lathrobium knirschi Rambousek, 1928

subendemic

Leptusa hercegovinensis Bernhauer, 1910

subendemic

Leptusa linkeiana Scheerpeltz, 1977

subendemic

Tenebrionidae 

Tenthyria frivaldskyi (Kraatz)

local endimic

TRICHOPTERA       

Limnephilidae 

Drusus serbicus Marinković, 1971

local endimic

Drusus siveci Malicky, 1981

local endimic

Drusus krusniki Malycki, 1981

endemic

Psylopteryx montanus Kumanski, 1968

endemic

Drusus discophorus Radovanović, 1942

subendemic

Polycentropodidae

Plectrocnemia mojkovacensis Malicky, 1982

local endimic

Ryacophilidae 

Rhyacophila obtusa Klapalek, 1894

local endimic

LEPIDOPTERA       

Torticidae    

Tosyrips magyarus Raz.

local endimic

DIPTERA           

Psychodidae   

Mormia ivankae Krek, 1985

local endimic

Panimerus serbicus Krek, 1985

local endimic

Sathelliela tarae Krek, 1985

local endimic

Pericoma affinis Krek, 1985

endemic

Syrphidae     

Helophilus femoratus Šimić, 1987

local endimic

Sphegina sublatifrons Vujić, 1990

endemic

Chelosia griseifacies Vujić, 1995

subendemic

Tipulidae     

Tipula danieli Simova, 1972

subendemic

Tipula furcula Mannheims, 1954

subendemic

VERTEBRATES

OSTEICHTHYES

Leuciscus souffia montenegrinus Vuković

endemic

Phoxinellus stymphalicus montenegrinus Kar.

endemic

Salmothymus obtusirostris zetensis Hadžišče

endemic

Alburnoides bipunctatus ohridanus Karaman

subendemic

Barbus peloponnesius rebeli K–ller

subendemic

Chondrostoma nasus ohridanum (Karaman)

subendemic

Cobitis elongata Heckel et Kner

subendemic

Cobitis taenia ohridana Karaman

subendemic

Gobio kessleri banaticus Banarescu

subendemic

Orthrias barbatulus sturanyi Steindachner

subendemic

Pachychilon pictum Heckel et Kner

subendemic

Rutilus prespensis ssp. Karaman

subendemic

Salmo trutta dentex Heckel

subendemic

Salmo trutta farioides Karaman

subendemic

Salmo trutta montenegrinus Karaman

subendemic

AMPHIBIA

Triturus alpestris montenegrinus Rd., 1951

local endimic

Triturus alpestris piperianus Rd., 1961

local endimic

Triturus alpestris serdarus Rd., 1961

local endimic

Rana arvalis wolterstorffi Fejervary, 1919

endemic

Bombina variegata scabra (Küster, 1843)

balkan endemic

Pelobates syriacus balcanicus Karaman, 1928

balkan endemic

Rana balcanica Schneider et al. 1993

balkan endemic

Rana graeca Boulenger, 1891

balkan endemic

Proteus anguinus Laurenti, 1768

subendemic

Rana shqiperica Hotz et al. 1987

subendemic

Salamandra atra prenjensis Mikšić, 1969

subendemic

Triturus dobrogicus (Kiritzescu, 1903)

subendemic

REPTILIA

Lacerta trilineata subcellata Schr., 1912

local endimic

Podarcis sicula cattaroi Taddei, 1950

local endimic

Ablepharus kitaibelii fitzingeri Mert., 1952

endemic

Daboia (V.) lebetina schwiezeri Werner, 1935

balkan endemic

Elaphe situla (Linnaeus, 1758)

subendemic

Vipera (ursinii) macrops Mehely, 1911

balkan endemic

Vipera (ursinii) rakosiensis Mehely, 1894

endemic

Vipera ammodytes illyrica Laurenti, 1768

balkan endemic

Vipera ammodytes meridionalis Boul., 1903

balkan endemic

Algyroides nigropunctatus (Dum.& Bibr.,1839)

balkan endemic

Coluber laurenti (Bedriaga, 1881)

balkan endemic

Coluber najadum dahlii Schinz, 1833

balkan endemic

Ophisaurus apodus thracius Obst, 1978

balkan endemic

Podarcis erhardii riveti Chabanaud, 1919

balkan endemic

Podarcis muralis albanica Bolkay, 1919

balkan endemic

Telescopus fallax fallax (Fleisch., 1826)

balkan endemic

Vipera ammodytes ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758)

balkan endemic

Ablepharus kitaibelii stepaneki Fuhn, 1970

subendemic

Cyrtopodion kotschyi skopjensis (Karaman, 1965)

subendemic

Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata Lc.1789

subendemic

Lacerta (Arch.) oxycephala Dum.& Bibr., 1839

subendemic

Lacerta (Archaeol.) mosorensis Kolomb., 1886

subendemic

Lacerta agilis bosnica (Schreiber, 1912)

subendemic

Podarcis melisellensis fiumana Werner, 1853

subendemic

Podarcis taurica taurica Pallas, 1814

subendemic

Vipera berus bosniensis Boettger, 1889

subendemic

AVES

Aegithalos caudatus macedonicus (Dresser, 1839)

balkan endemic

Apus pallidus illyricus (Tschusi, 1907)

balkan endemic

Athene noctua indigena C. L. Brehm, 1855

balkan endemic

Carduelis cannabina mediterranea Tschusi, 1903

balkan endemic

Carduelis carduelis balcanica Sachtleben, 1919

balkan endemic

Carduelis chloris muehlei Parrot, 1905

balkan endemic

Dendrocopos minor serbicus (Buturlin, 1936)

balkan endemic

Emberiza schoeniclus othmari Hartert, 1910

balkan endemic

Emberiza schoeniclus reiseri Hartert, 1904

balkan endemic

Eremophila alpestris balcanica (Reichenow, 1895)

balkan endemic

Galerida cristata meridionalis Brehm, 1841

balkan endemic

Garrulus glandarius graecus Kleiner, 1936

balkan endemic

Nucifraga caryocatactes wolfi Jordans, 1940

balkan endemic

Parus cristatus bureshi Jordans, 1940

balkan endemic

Parus lugubris lugens Brehm, 1855

balkan endemic

Parus lugubris lugubris Temminck, 1820

balkan endemic

Prunella collaris subalpina Brehm, 1831

balkan endemic

Sitta neumayer neumayer Michahelles, 1830

balkan endemic

Sylvia cantillans albistriata (Brehm, 1831)

balkan endemic

Dendrocopos syriacus balcanicus (Gengler & Stre­se­mann, 1919)

subendemic

Emberiza schoeniclus stresemanni Steinbacher, 1930

subendemic

Motacilla flava feldegg Michahelles, 1830

subendemic

MAMMALIA

Dinaromys bogdanovi

balkan endemic

Pythymus thomasi thomasi

local edemic 

PLANTES

Achillea alexandri-regis Bornm. & Rudski

local endimic

Althaea kragujevacensis Pančić

local endimic

Althaea vranjensis Diklić & Nikolić

local endimic

Aquilegia pancicii Degen 

local endimic

Aristolochia merxmuelleri Greuter & E. Mayer

local endimic

Bornmuellera dieckii Degen 

local endimic

Campanula calycialata V. Ranđelović & Zlatković

local endimic

Cardamine pancicii Hayek 

local endimic

Cerastium neoscardicum Niketić

local endimic

Crocus rujanensis Ranđelović & D. A. Hill

local endimic

Dianthus behriorum Bornm. 

local endimic

Dianthus scardicus Wettst. 

local endimic

Heliosperma nikolicii (Seliger & T. Wraber) Niketić & Stevanović

local endimic

Knautia pancicii Szabó

local endimic

Nepeta rtanjensis Diklić & Milojević

local endimic

Pedicularis ernesti-mayeri Stevanović, Niketić, D. Lakušić

local endimic

Scabiosa achaeta Vis. & Pančić

local endimic

Solenanthus krasniqii (T. Wraber) Niketić

local endimic

Thlaspi dacicum Heuffel subsp. montenegrinum (F. K. Meyer) W. Greuter & Burdet

local endimic

Trapa annosa Janković

local endimic

Tulipa serbica Tatić & Krivošej

local endimic

Verbascum scardicola Bornm.

local endimic

Veronica thessalica Bentham

local endimic

Viola kopaonikensis Pančić

local endimic

Heliosperma oliverae Niketić & Stevanović

local endimic

Centaurea kosaninii Hayek

local endimic

Crocus scardicus Košanin

local endimic

Dianthus nitidus Waldst. & Kit. subsp. lakusicii T. Wraber

local endimic

Euphorbia serpentini Novák

local endimic

Euphorbia subhastata Vis. & Pančić

local endimic

Gentiana pneumonanthe L. subsp. nopcsae (Jáv.) T. Wraber

local endimic

Onobrychis bertiscea Širj. & Rech. fil.

local endimic

Salvia officinalis L. subsp. multiflora Gajić

local endimic

Salvia pratensis L. subsp. pozegensis (Watzl-Zemann) Diklić

local endimic

Sesleria wettsteinii Döerfler & Hayek

local endimic

Stipa mayeri Martinovsky

local endimic

Achillea korabensis (Hiemerl) Micevski

endemic

Alkanna pulmonaria Griseb.

endemic

Alkanna scardica Griseb.

endemic

Alyssum montanum L.  subsp. serbicum Novák

endemic

Aquilegia grata F. Maly ex Zimmeter  subsp. grata

endemic

Aquilegia grata F. Maly ex Zimmeter  subsp. nikolicii Niketić

endemic

Arabis bryoides Boiss. 

endemic

Aster albanicus Degen

endemic

Astragalus fialae Degen

endemic

Aubrieta gracilis Spruner ex Boiss. subsp. scardica (Wettst.) Phitos

endemic

Campanula alpina Jacq. subsp. orbelica (Pančić) Urum.

endemic

Campanula phrygia Jaub. & Spach

endemic

Campanula secundiflora Vis. & Pančić

endemic

Colchicum macedonicum Košanin

endemic

Crocus alexandri Ničić ex Velen.

endemic

Dactylorhiza cordigera (Fries) Soó subsp. bosniaca (G. Beck) Soó

endemic

Dianthus gracilis Sibth. & Sm.  subsp. armerioides (Griseb.) Tutin

endemic

Dianthus microlepis Boiss. 

endemic

Dianthus pelviformis Heuffel

endemic

Dianthus viridescens G. C. Clementi

endemic

Edraianthus serbicus Petrović

endemic

Euphorbia montenegrina (Bald.) K. Maly ex Rohlena

endemic

Forsythia europaea Degen & Bald.

endemic

Fritillaria macedonica Bornm.

endemic

Genista nissana Petrović

endemic

Heliosperma macranthum Pančić

endemic

Hypericum rochelii Griseb. & Schenk

endemic

Lathyrus binatus Pančić

endemic

Lathyrus pancicii (Jurišić) Adamović

endemic

Melampyrum doerfleri Ronniger

endemic

Melampyrum trichocalycinum Vandas

endemic

Minuartia bulgarica (Velen.) Graebner

endemic

Minuartia mesogitana (Boiss.) Hand.-Mazz. subsp. velenovskyi (Rohlena) McNeill

endemic

Narthecium scardicum Košanin

endemic

Onosma pseudoarenaria Schur subsp. fallax Borbás

endemic

Paramoltkia doerfleri (Wettst.) Greuter & Burdet

endemic

Phyteuma pseudorbiculare Pant.

endemic

Ramonda nathaliae Pančić & Petrović

endemic

Ranunculus concinnatus Schott

endemic

Rhinanthus melampyroides (Borbás & Degen) Soó

endemic

Silene schmuckeri Wettst. 

endemic

Solenanthus scardicus Bornm.

endemic

Tulipa scardica Bornm.

endemic

Wulfenia blecicii R. Lakušić subsp. blecicii

endemic

Amphoricarpos autariatus Blečić & E. Mayer subsp. bertisceus Blečić & E. Mayer

endemic

Astragalus wilmottianus Stoj.

endemic

Dianthus integer Vis.  subsp. integer

endemic

Dianthus integer Vis.  subsp. minutiflorus (Borbás) Bornm.

endemic

Dianthus pinifolius Sibth. & Sm.  subsp. serbicus Wettst.

endemic

Dianthus stribrnyi Velen. 

endemic

Dianthus sylvestris Wulfen subsp. bertisceus Rech. fil.

endemic

Dianthus sylvestris Wulfen subsp. nodosus (Tausch) Hayek

endemic

Fritillaria messanensis Rafin. subsp. gracilis (Ebel) Rix

endemic

Heliosperma pusillum (Waldst. & Kit.) Reichenb. subsp. monachorum (Vis. & Pančić) Slavnić

endemic

Linaria rubioides Vis. & Pančić subsp. nissana (Petrović) Niketić & Tomović

endemic

Linaria rubioides Vis. & Pančić subsp. rubioides

endemic

Linum tauricum Willd. subsp. serbicum (Podp.) Petrova

endemic

Melampyrum hoermannianum K. Maly

endemic

Minuartia bosniaca (G. Beck) K. Maly

endemic

Paronychia macedonica Chaudri

endemic

Rhinanthus asperulus (Murb.) Soó

endemic

Sesleria korabensis (Kümmerle & Jáv.) Deyl

endemic

Silene sendtneri Boiss.  subsp. balcanica (Formánek) Greuter

endemic

Soldanella rhodopaea F. K. Meyer

endemic

Achillea fraasii Schultz Bip.

endemic

Aconitum burnatii Gayer  subsp. pentheri (Hayek) Jalas

endemic

Alyssum markgrafii O. E. Schulz ex Markgraf

endemic

Asperula doerfleri Wettst.

endemic

Ballota hispanica (L.) Bentham  subsp. macedonica (Vandas) Strid & Kit Tan

endemic

Centaurea alba L. subsp. ipecensis (Rech. fil.) Dostál

endemic

Centaurea incompta Vis. subsp. derventana (Vis. & Pančić) Dostál

endemic

Centaurea salonitana Vis. subsp. ognianoffii (Urum.) Dostál

endemic

Centaurea stenolepis A. Kerner subsp. bosniaca (H. Wagner) Dostál

endemic

Cephalaria flava (Sibth. & Sm.) Szabó

endemic

Cephalaria pastricensis Dörfler & Hayek

endemic

Consolida uechtritziana (Huth) Soó

endemic

Crataegus heldreichii Boiss.

endemic

Crepis albanica (Jáv.) Babcock

endemic

Crepis bertiscea Jáv.

endemic

Crepis macedonica Kitanov

endemic

Crucianella graeca Boiss.

endemic

Daphne malyana Blečić

endemic

Dioscorea balcanica Košanin

endemic

Draba korabensis Kümmerle & Degen ex Jáv. 

endemic

Eryngium serbicum Pančić

endemic

Erysimum korabense Kümmerle & Jáv. 

endemic

Euphorbia pancicii G. Beck

endemic

Galium firmum Tausch

endemic

Genista hassertiana (Bald.) Bald. ex Buchegger

endemic

Gentiana albanica (Jáv.) A. W. Hill

endemic

Haplophyllum boissieranum Vis. & Pančić

endemic

Knautia ambigua Boiss. & Orph.

endemic

Knautia sarajevensis (G. Beck) Szabó

endemic

Ligusticum albanicum Jáv.

endemic

Micromeria albanica (Griseb. ex K. Maly) Šilić

endemic

Micromeria croatica (Pers.) Schott

endemic

Orobanche nowackiana Markgraf

endemic

Orobanche pancicii G. Beck

endemic

Orobanche serbica G. Beck & Petrović

endemic

Oxytropis halleri Bunge ex Koch subsp. korabensis (Kümm. & Jáv.) Chrtek

endemic

Pastinaca hirsuta Pančić

endemic

Pedicularis hoermanniana K. Maly

endemic

Peucedanum vittijugum Boiss. subsp. minutifolium ( Janka ) B. A. Kuzmanov & N. Andreev

endemic

Picea omorika (Pančić) Purkyne

endemic

Polygala doerfleri Hayek

endemic

Potentilla nicicii Adamović

endemic

Potentilla visianii Pančić

endemic

Ranunculus incomparabilis Janka 

endemic

Saxifraga scardica Griseb. 

endemic

Scabiosa balcanica Velen.

endemic

Scabiosa fumarioides Vis. & Pančić

endemic

Scabiosa silenifolia Waldst. & Kit.

endemic

Schivereckia doerfleri (Wettst.) Bornm. 

endemic

Sempervivum macedonicum Praeger 

endemic

Senecio pancicii Degen

endemic

Senecio papposus (Reichenb.) Less. subsp. wagneri (Degen) Cuf.

endemic

Sesleria tenerrima (Fritsch) Hayek

endemic

Sideritis scardica Griseb.

endemic

Stachys anisochila Vis. & Pančić

endemic

Stachys milanii Petrović

endemic

Teucrium arduini L.

endemic

Thymus adamovicii Velen.

endemic

Tragopogon pterodes Pančić

endemic

Valeriana saxatilis L. subsp. pancicii (Halácsy & Bald.) Ockendon

endemic

Verbascum baldaccii Degen

endemic

Verbascum eriophorum Godron

endemic

Verbascum nicolai Rohlena

endemic

Viola dukadjinica W. Becker & Košanin

endemic

Acer heldreichii Orph. ex Boiss. subsp. visianii K. Maly

endemic

Achillea ageratifolia (Sibth. & Sm.) Boiss.

endemic

Achillea lingulata Waldst. & Kit.

endemic

Amphoricarpos autariatus Blečić & E. Mayer subsp. autariatus

endemic

Athamanta turbith (L.) Brot. subsp. haynaldii (Borbás & Uechtr.) Tutin

endemic

Avenula blavii (Ascherson & Janka) W. Sauer & Chmelitschek

endemic

Bupleurum flavicans Boiss. & Heldr.

endemic

Campanula albanica Witasek

endemic

Campanula spatulata Sibth. & Sm.

endemic

Centaurea biebersteinii DC. subsp. biebersteinii

endemic

Centaurea grisebachii (Nyman) Form.

endemic

Centaurea melanocephala Pančić

endemic

Cerastium banaticum (Rochel) Heuffel subsp. kosaninii Georgiev

endemic

Cerastium decalvans Schlosser & Vuk. subsp. leontopodium (Stoj. & Stefanov) Niketić

endemic

Cerastium malyi (Georgiev) Niketić subsp. serpentini (Novák) Niketić

endemic

Chaerophyllum coloratum L.

endemic

Crepis praemorsa (L.) Tausch subsp. dinarica (G. Beck) P. D. Sell

endemic

Crocus kosaninii Pulević

endemic

Draba kuemmerlei Stevanović & D. Lakušić

endemic

Drymocallis malacophylla (Borbás) Kurtto

endemic

Erysimum kummerlei Jáv. 

endemic

Erysimum moesiacum Velen. 

endemic

Erysimum welcevii Urum. 

endemic

Festuca koritnicensis Hayek & Vetter

endemic

Festuca panciciana (Hackel) K. Richter

endemic

Genista depressa Bieb. subsp. csikii (Kümm. & Jáv.) Hayek

endemic

Genista depressa Bieb. subsp. friwaldskyi (Boiss.) Hayek

endemic

Genista sylvestris Scop. subsp. dalmatica (Bartl.) Lindb.

endemic

Helleborus multifidus Vis.  subsp. multifidus

endemic

Helleborus multifidus Vis.  subsp. serbicus (Adamović) Merxm. & Podl.

endemic

Orobanche esulae Pančić

endemic

Pedicularis brachyodonta Schlosser & Vuk. subsp. brachyodonta

endemic

Pedicularis heterodonta Pančić

endemic

Pinguicula balcanica Casper

endemic

Polygala alpestris Reichenb. subsp. croatica (Chodat) Hayek

endemic

Saxifraga taygetea Boiss. & Heldr. 

endemic

Scrophularia canina L. subsp. tristis (K. Maly) Nikolić

endemic

Sedum serpentini Janchen 

endemic

Senecio thapsoides DC. subsp. visianianus (Papaf. ex Vis.) Vandas

endemic

Sesleria latifolia (Adamović) Degen

endemic

Sesleria serbica (Adamović) Ujhelyi

endemic

Stachys alpina L. subsp. dinarica Murb.

endemic

Stachys freynii Hausskn.

endemic

Stachys germanica L. subsp. velezensis (Sagorski) Hayek

endemic

Stachys leucoglossa Griseb.

endemic

Stachys recta L. subsp. subcrenata (Vis.) Briq.

endemic

Stipa novakii Martinovsky

endemic

Thlaspi microphyllum Boiss. & Orph. 

endemic

Thymus boissieri Halácsy

endemic

Thymus praecox Opiz subsp. skorpilii (Velen.) Jalas

endemic

Thymus praecox Opiz subsp. zygiformis (H. Braun) Jalas

endemic

Trifolium dalmaticum Vis.

endemic

Trifolium repens L. subsp. ochranthum E. I. Nyárády

endemic

Verbascum glabratum Friv. subsp. bosnense (K. Maly) Murb.

endemic

Verbascum viridissimum Stoj. & Stefanov

endemic

Veronica saturejoides Vis.

endemic

Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medicus subsp. nivale (Boiss. & Heldr.) Markgraf

endemic

Viola schariensis M. Erben

endemic

BRIOPHYTA

Cephaloziella calyculata (Dur.&Mont.)K.Muell.

subendemic

Ephemerum recurvifolium (Dicks.) Boul

subendemic

Funaria microstoma Bruch.Ex Schimp

subendemic

Neckera pennata Hedw.

subendemic

Tortula lingulata

subendemic

Ulota crispa

subendemic

MARINE FLORA

MAGNOLIOPHYTA

Zostera marina

Zostera noltii

Posidonia oceanica

PHAEOPHYTA

Cystoseira amentacea (including var. Stricta and var. Spicata)

Cystoseira spinosa (including C. adriatica)

PORIFERA

Aplysina sp. plur.

Axinella cannabina

Axinella polypoides

Geodia cydonium

Hippospongia communis

Ircinia foetida

Ircinia pipette

Petrobiona massiliana

Spongia officinalis

Tethya sp. plur.

CNIDARIA

Corallium rubrum

ECHINODERMATA

Centostephanus longispinus

Ophidiaster ophidianus

Paracentrotus lividus

MOLLUSCA

Lithophaga lithophaga

Luria lurida (Cypraea lurida)

Mitra zonata

Pinna nobilis

Tonna galea

CRUSTACEA

Homarus gammarus

Maja squinado

Palinurus elephas

Scyllarides latus

Scyllarus pigmaeus

Scyllarus arctus

PISCES

Alosa falax

Anguilla anguilla

Cetorhinus maximus

Carcharodon carcharias

Hippocampus ramulosus

Hippocampus hippocampus

Huso huso

Isurus oxyrinchus

Lamna nasus

Pomatoschistus tortonesei

Prionace glauca

Raja alba

Sciaena umbra

Squatina squatina

Thunnus thynnus

Umbrina cirossa

Xiphias gladius

Mobula mobular

Annex 5. Workplan of project acitivities

Activity

March

April

May

June

July

Aug

Septr.

Octob

Nov.

Dec.

Building up a national Emerald team

x

Training of the national Emerald team

x

Identification of the species and habitats within each biogeographical region in Serbia and Montenegro

x

x

x

Selection of potential ASCIs

x

x

Description of the potential ASCIs

x

x

x

Building up the database of Emerald designated sites

x

x

Preparing the Report for the Emerald Network pilot-project

x

Submission of proposals

x

Annex 6. Financial statement of expenditure with the breakdown of the costs

Item

 Costs (in Euros)

Workshop organization

3.000,00

Field costs

Travel and accommodation expenses for experts

1.000,00

Professional fees

Date management

National Team expert costs

4.000,00

Publication/ Printing

Publication of promotional material

1,000,00

TOTAL

9. 000,00



[1] Djerdap, Tara, Kopaonik, Fruska Gora and Sara

  Skadar lake, Durmitor, Lovcen and Biogradska gora

3Planned by Physical Plan of Montenegro 1997